Discovery BoxJohn 18:28 
Context18:28 Then they brought Jesus from Caiaphas to the Roman governor’s residence. 1 (Now it was very early morning.) 2 They 3 did not go into the governor’s residence 4 so they would not be ceremonially defiled, but could eat the Passover meal.
John 19:24
Context19:24 So the soldiers said to one another, “Let’s not tear it, but throw dice 5 to see who will get it.” 6 This took place 7 to fulfill the scripture that says, “They divided my garments among them, and for my clothing they threw dice.” 8 So the soldiers did these things.
John 21:23
Context21:23 So the saying circulated 9 among the brothers and sisters 10 that this disciple was not going to die. But Jesus did not say to him that he was not going to die, but rather, “If I want him to live 11 until I come back, 12 what concern is that of yours?”
1 tn Grk “to the praetorium.”
sn The permanent residence of the Roman governor of Palestine was in Caesarea (Acts 23:35). The governor had a residence in Jerusalem which he normally occupied only during principal feasts or in times of political unrest. The location of this building in Jerusalem is uncertain, but is probably one of two locations: either (1) the fortress or tower of Antonia, on the east hill north of the temple area, which is the traditional location of the Roman praetorium since the 12th century, or (2) the palace of Herod on the west hill near the present Jaffa Gate. According to Philo (Embassy 38 [299]) Pilate had some golden shields hung there, and according to Josephus (J. W. 2.14.8 [2.301], 2.15.5 [2.328]) the later Roman governor Florus stayed there.
2 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author.
3 tn Grk “And they.” The conjunction καί (kai, “and”) has not been translated here in keeping with the tendency of contemporary English style to use shorter sentences.
4 tn Grk “into the praetorium.”
5 tn Grk “but choose by lot” (probably by using marked pebbles or broken pieces of pottery). A modern equivalent, “throw dice,” was chosen here because of its association with gambling.
6 tn Grk “to see whose it will be.”
7 tn The words “This took place” are not in the Greek text but are implied.
8 tn Grk “cast lots.” See the note on “throw dice” earlier in the verse.
sn A quotation from Ps 22:18.
9 tn Grk “went out.”
10 tn Grk “the brothers,” but here the term refers to more than just the immediate disciples of Jesus (as it does in 20:17). Here, as R. E. Brown notes (John [AB], 2:1110), it refers to Christians of the Johannine community (which would include both men and women).
11 tn Grk “to stay” or “to remain”; but since longevity is the issue in the context, “to live” conveys the idea more clearly.
12 tn The word “back” is supplied to clarify the meaning.
