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Jeremiah 25:18-19

Context
25:18 I made Jerusalem¹ and the cities of Judah, its kings and its officials drink it.² I did it so Judah would become a ruin. I did it so Judah, its kings, and its officials would become an object³ of horror and of hissing scorn, an example used in curses.⁴ Such is already becoming the case!⁵ 25:19 I made all of these other people drink it: Pharaoh, king of Egypt;⁶ his attendants, his officials, his people,

¹map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

²tn The words “I made” and “drink it” are not in the text. The text from v. 18 to v. 26 contains a list of the nations that Jeremiah “made drink it.” The words are supplied in the translation here and at the beginning of v. 19 for the sake of clarity. See also the note on v. 26.

³tn Heb “in order to make them a ruin, an object of…” The sentence is broken up and the antecedents are made specific for the sake of clarity and English style.

⁴tn See the study note on 24:9 for explanation.

⁵tn Heb “as it is today.” This phrase would obviously be more appropriate after all these things had happened as is the case in 44:6, 23 where the verbs referring to these conditions are past. Some see this phrase as a marginal gloss added after the tragedies of 597 b.c. or 586 b.c. However, it may refer here to the beginning stages where Judah has already suffered the loss of Josiah, of its freedom, of some of its temple treasures, and of some of its leaders (Dan 1:1-3. The different date for Jehoiakim there is due to the different method of counting the king’s first year; the third year there is the same as the fourth year in 25:1).

⁶sn See further Jer 46:2-28 for the judgment against Egypt.

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