¹ tn Heb “They encamped against them.”

² tn Heb “destroyed.”

³ tn Heb “the crops of the land.”

⁴ tn Heb “They left no sustenance in Israel.”

⁵ tn The words “they took away” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

⁶ tn By calling his concubine the old man’s “female servant,” the Levite emphasizes their dependence on him for shelter.

⁷ tc Some Hebrew mss and ancient witnesses read the singular, “your servant,” which would refer to the Levite. If one retains the plural, then both the Levite and his wife are in view. In either case the pronominal suffix emphasizes their dependence on the old man for shelter.

⁸ tn The words “the sight” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

⁹ tn Heb “from the day.”

¹⁰ tc Codex Alexandrinus (A) of the (original) LXX has the following additional words: “And he instructed the men whom he sent out, ‘Thus you will say to every male Israelite: “There has never been anything like this from the day the Israelites left Egypt till the present day.”’”