Discovery BoxJudges 10:8-12 
Context10:8 They ruthlessly oppressed 1 the Israelites that eighteenth year 2 – that is, all the Israelites living east of the Jordan in Amorite country in Gilead. 10:9 The Ammonites crossed the Jordan to fight with Judah, Benjamin, and Ephraim. 3 Israel suffered greatly. 4
10:10 The Israelites cried out for help to the Lord: “We have sinned against you. We abandoned our God and worshiped 5 the Baals.” 10:11 The Lord said to the Israelites, “Did I not deliver you from Egypt, the Amorites, the Ammonites, the Philistines, 10:12 the Sidonians, Amalek, and Midian 6 when they oppressed you? 7 You cried out for help to me, and I delivered you from their power. 8
1 tn Heb “shattered and crushed.” The repetition of similar sounding synonyms (רָעַץ [ra’ats] and רָצַץ [ratsats]) is for emphasis; רָצַץ appears in the Polel, adding further emphasis to the affirmation.
2 tn The phrase שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה (shemoneh ’esreh shanah) could be translated “eighteen years,” but this would be difficult after the reference to “that year.” It is possible that v. 8b is parenthetical, referring to an eighteen year long period of oppression east of the Jordan which culminated in hostilities against all Israel (including Judah, see v. 9) in the eighteenth year. It is simpler to translate the phrase as an ordinal number, though the context does not provide the point of reference. (See Gen 14:4-5 and R. G. Boling, Judges [AB], 191-92.) In this case, the following statement specifies which “Israelites” are in view.
3 tn Heb “the house of Ephraim.”
4 tn Or “Israel experienced great distress.” Perhaps here the verb has the nuance “hemmed in.”
5 tn Or “served”; or “followed.”
6 tc The translation follows the LXX which reads “Midian”; the Hebrew text has “Maon.”
7 tn The words “Did I not deliver you” are interpretive. The Hebrew text simply reads, “Is it not from Egypt…when they oppressed you?” Perhaps the incomplete sentence reflects the
8 tn Heb “hand.”
