Discovery BoxIsaiah 14:9 
Context14:9 Sheol 1 below is stirred up about you,
ready to meet you when you arrive.
It rouses 2 the spirits of the dead for you,
all the former leaders of the earth; 3
it makes all the former kings of the nations
rise from their thrones. 4
Isaiah 24:18
Context24:18 The one who runs away from the sound of the terror
will fall into the pit; 5
the one who climbs out of the pit,
will be trapped by the snare.
For the floodgates of the heavens 6 are opened up 7
and the foundations of the earth shake.
Isaiah 26:19
Context26:19 8 Your dead will come back to life;
your corpses will rise up.
Wake up and shout joyfully, you who live in the ground! 9
For you will grow like plants drenched with the morning dew, 10
and the earth will bring forth its dead spirits. 11
Isaiah 42:5
Context42:5 This is what the true God, 12 the Lord, says –
the one who created the sky and stretched it out,
the one who fashioned the earth and everything that lives on it, 13
the one who gives breath to the people on it,
and life to those who live on it: 14
Isaiah 44:23
Context44:23 Shout for joy, O sky, for the Lord intervenes; 15
shout out, you subterranean regions 16 of the earth.
O mountains, give a joyful shout;
you too, O forest and all your trees! 17
For the Lord protects 18 Jacob;
he reveals his splendor through Israel. 19
Isaiah 45:18
Context45:18 For this is what the Lord says,
the one who created the sky –
he is the true God, 20
the one who formed the earth and made it;
he established it,
he did not create it without order, 21
he formed it to be inhabited –
“I am the Lord, I have no peer.
Isaiah 49:6
Context49:6 he says, “Is it too insignificant a task for you to be my servant,
to reestablish the tribes of Jacob,
and restore the remnant 22 of Israel? 23
I will make you a light to the nations, 24
so you can bring 25 my deliverance to the remote regions of the earth.”
Isaiah 51:13
Context51:13 Why do you forget 26 the Lord, who made you,
who stretched out the sky 27
and founded the earth?
Why do you constantly tremble all day long 28
at the anger of the oppressor,
when he makes plans to destroy?
Where is the anger of the oppressor? 29
Isaiah 54:9
Context54:9 “As far as I am concerned, this is like in Noah’s time, 30
when I vowed that the waters of Noah’s flood 31 would never again cover the earth.
In the same way I have vowed that I will not be angry at you or shout at you.
1 sn Sheol is the proper name of the subterranean world which was regarded as the land of the dead.
2 tn Heb “arousing.” The form is probably a Polel infinitive absolute, rather than a third masculine singular perfect, for Sheol is grammatically feminine (note “stirred up”). See GKC 466 §145.t.
3 tn Heb “all the rams of the earth.” The animal epithet is used metaphorically here for leaders. See HALOT 903 s.v. *עַתּוּד.
4 tn Heb “lifting from their thrones all the kings of the nations.” הֵקִים (heqim, a Hiphil perfect third masculine singular) should be emended to an infinitive absolute (הָקֵים, haqem). See the note on “rouses” earlier in the verse.
5 tn The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
6 tn Heb “from the height”; KJV “from on high.”
7 sn The language reflects the account of the Noahic Flood (see Gen 7:11).
8 sn At this point the Lord (or prophet) gives the people an encouraging oracle.
9 tn Heb “dust” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
10 tn Heb “for the dew of lights [is] your dew.” The pronominal suffix on “dew” is masculine singular, like the suffixes on “your dead” and “your corpses” in the first half of the verse. The statement, then, is addressed to collective Israel, the speaker in verse 18. The plural form אוֹרֹת (’orot) is probably a plural of respect or magnitude, meaning “bright light” (i.e., morning’s light). Dew is a symbol of fertility and life. Here Israel’s “dew,” as it were, will soak the dust of the ground and cause the corpses of the dead to spring up to new life, like plants sprouting up from well-watered soil.
11 sn It is not certain whether the resurrection envisioned here is intended to be literal or figurative. A comparison with 25:8 and Dan 12:2 suggests a literal interpretation, but Ezek 37:1-14 uses resurrection as a metaphor for deliverance from exile and the restoration of the nation (see Isa 27:12-13).
12 tn Heb “the God.” The definite article here indicates distinctiveness or uniqueness.
13 tn Heb “and its offspring” (so NASB); NIV “all that comes out of it.”
14 tn Heb “and spirit [i.e., “breath”] to the ones walking in it” (NAB, NASB, and NRSV all similar).
15 tn Heb “acts”; NASB, NRSV “has done it”; NLT “has done this wondrous thing.”
16 tn Heb “lower regions.” This refers to Sheol and forms a merism with “sky” in the previous line. See Pss 63:9; 71:20.
17 tn Heb “O forest and all the trees in it”; NASB, NRSV “and every tree in it.”
18 tn Heb “redeems.” See the note at 41:14.
19 tn That is, by delivering Israel. Cf. NCV “showed his glory when he saved Israel”; TEV “has shown his greatness by saving his people Israel.”
20 tn Heb “he [is] the God.” The article here indicates uniqueness.
21 tn Or “unformed.” Gen 1:2 describes the world as “unformed” (תֹהוּ, tohu) prior to God’s creative work, but God then formed the world and made it fit for habitation.
22 tn Heb “the protected [or “preserved”] ones.”
23 sn The question is purely rhetorical; it does not imply that the servant was dissatisfied with his commission or that he minimized the restoration of Israel.
25 tn Heb “be” (so KJV, ASV); CEV “you must take.”
26 tn Heb “and that you forget.”
27 tn Or “the heavens” (also in v. 16). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.
28 tn Heb “and that you tremble constantly all the day.”
29 tn The question anticipates the answer, “Ready to disappear!” See v. 14.
30 tc The Hebrew text reads literally, “For [or “indeed”] the waters of Noah [is] this to me.” כִּי־מֵי (ki-me, “for the waters of”) should be emended to כְּמֵי (kÿmey, “like the days of”), which is supported by the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa and all the ancient versions except LXX.
31 tn Heb “the waters of Noah” (so NAB, NIV, NRSV).
