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Isaiah 10:22

Context
10:22 For though your people, Israel, are as numerous as 1  the sand on the seashore, only a remnant will come back. 2  Destruction has been decreed; 3  just punishment 4  is about to engulf you. 5 

Isaiah 40:2

Context

40:2 “Speak kindly to 6  Jerusalem, 7  and tell her

that her time of warfare is over, 8 

that her punishment is completed. 9 

For the Lord has made her pay double 10  for all her sins.”

1 tn Heb “are like.”

2 sn The twofold appearance of the statement “a remnant will come back” (שְׁאָר יָשׁוּב, shear yashuv) in vv. 21-22 echoes and probably plays off the name of Isaiah’s son Shear-jashub (see 7:3). In its original context the name was meant to encourage Ahaz (see the note at 7:3), but here it has taken on new dimensions. In light of Ahaz’s failure and the judgment it brings down on the land, the name Shear-jashub now foreshadows the destiny of the nation. According to vv. 21-22, there is good news and bad news. The good news is that a remnant of God’s people will return; the bad news is that only a remnant will be preserved and come back. Like the name Immanuel, this name foreshadows both judgment (see the notes at 7:25 and 8:8) and ultimate restoration (see the note at 8:10).

3 tn Or “predetermined”; cf. ASV, NASB “is determined”; TEV “is in store.”

4 tn צְדָקָה (tsÿdaqah) often means “righteousness,” but here it refers to God’s just judgment.

5 tn Or “is about to overflow.”

6 tn Heb “speak to the heart of Jerusalem.” Jerusalem is personified as a woman.

7 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

8 tn Heb “that she is filled [with] her warfare.” Some understand צָבָא (tsavah, “warfare”) as meaning “hard service” or “compulsory labor” in this context.

9 tn Heb “that her punishment is accepted [as satisfactory].”

10 tn Heb “for she has received from the hand of the Lord double.” The principle of the double portion in punishment is also seen in Jer 16:18; 17:18 and Rev 18:6. For examples of the double portion in Israelite law, see Exod 22:4, 7, 9 (double restitution by a thief) and Deut 21:17 (double inheritance portion for the firstborn).



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