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Hosea 9:6

Context
No Escape for the Israelites This Time!

9:6 Look! 1  Even if 2  they flee from the destruction,

Egypt will take hold 3  of them,

and Memphis will bury them.

The weeds will inherit the silver they treasure 4 

thorn bushes will occupy their homes. 5 

Hosea 12:14

Context

12:14 But Ephraim bitterly 6  provoked him to anger;

so he will hold him accountable for the blood he has shed, 7 

his Lord 8  will repay him for the contempt he has shown. 9 

1 tn The deictic particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “Behold!”) is used frequently in prophetic announcements, introducing a solemn or important declaration, particularly in threats of judgment (BDB 244 s.v. הִנֵּה b.β). Many modern English versions leave this particle untranslated here.

2 tn The conjunction כִּי (ki) introduces a concessive clause: “Although, when, if, even if” (BDB 473 s.v. כִּי 2.c.β). It has a force approximating “even if” (so NIV, NCV, NRSV, CEV, NLT), but it represents a situation as more likely to occur than אִם (‘im, “if”). The concessive use of כִּי is normally followed by an imperfect, but occasionally a perfect is used, as is the case here (e.g., Mic 7:8; Nah 1:10; Pss 21:12; 119:83).

3 tn The verb קָבַץ (qavats, “to gather together”) should be nuanced “grab hold” in this context (HALOT 1063 s.v. קבץ). This pictures a personified Egypt taking the fugitives prisoner.

4 tn Heb “the treasured things of their silver”; NASB, NIV, TEV, NLT “treasures of silver.”

5 tn Heb “their tents” (so NIV, NRSV); CEV “your tents.”

6 tn The noun תַּמְרוּרִים (tamrurim, “bitter things”) functions as an adverbial accusative of manner, modifying the finite verb: “He bitterly provoked Him to anger” (GKC 375 §118.q). The plural form of the noun functions as a plural of intensity: “very bitterly.” For the adverbial function of the accusative, see IBHS 172-73 §10.2.2e.

7 tn Heb “He will leave his blood upon him”; NIV “will leave upon him the guilt of his bloodshed.”

8 tn The Hebrew term translated “Lord” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

9 tn Heb “for his contempt” (so NIV); NRSV “for his insults”; NAB “for his outrage.”



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