¹ tn Grk “you subjected all things under his feet.”

sn A quotation from Ps 8:4-6.

² sn The expression all things under his control occurs three times in 2:8. The latter two occurrences are not exactly identical to the Greek text of Ps 8:6 quoted at the beginning of the verse, but have been adapted by the writer of Hebrews to fit his argument.

³ tn Or “they were not united.”

⁴ tc A few mss (א and a few versional witnesses) have the nominative singular participle συγκεκερασμένος (sunkekerasmeno", “since it [the message] was not combined with faith by those who heard it”), a reading that refers back to the ὁ λόγος (Jo logo", “the message”). There are a few other variants here (e.g., συγκεκεραμμένοι [sunkekerammenoi] in 104, συγκεκεραμένους [sunkekeramenou"] in 1881 Ï), but the accusative plural participle συγκεκερασμένους (sunkekerasmenou"), found in Ì^13vid,46 A B C D* Ψ 0243 0278 33 81 1739 2464 pc, has by far the best external credentials. This participle agrees with the previous ἐκείνους (ekeinou", “those”), a more difficult construction grammatically than the nominative singular. Thus, both on external and internal grounds, συγκεκερασμένους is preferred.

⁵ tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁶ sn Ps 95 does not mention David either in the text or the superscription. It is possible that the writer of Hebrews is attributing the entire collection of psalms to David (although some psalms are specifically attributed to other individuals or groups).

⁷ tn Grk “as it has been said before” (see Heb 3:7).

⁸ tn Grk “today if you hear his voice.”

⁹ tn Grk “the one”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁰ tn Grk “I have begotten you”; see Heb 1:5.

sn A quotation from Ps 2:7.

¹¹ tn Grk “because of the time.”

¹² tn Grk “the elements of the beginning of the oracles of God.”

¹³ tn Grk “you have come to have a need for.”

¹⁴ tc ‡ Most texts, including some early and important ones (א² A B* D Ψ 0122 0278 1881 Ï sy Cl), have καί (kai, “and”) immediately preceding οὐ (ou, “not”), but other equally significant witnesses (Ì⁴⁶ א* B² C 33 81 1739 lat Or Did) lack the conjunction. As it was a natural tendency for scribes to add a coordinating conjunction, the καί appears to be a motivated reading. On balance, it is probably best to regard the shorter reading as authentic. NA²⁷ has καί in brackets, indicating doubts as to its authenticity.

¹⁵ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁶ tn The words “did so” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.

¹⁷ sn A quotation from Ps 110:4 (see Heb 5:6, 6:20, and 7:17).

¹⁸ tn Grk “the second tent.”

¹⁹ tn Or perhaps “the unintentional sins of the people”; Grk “the ignorances of the people.” Cf. BDAG 13 s.v. ἀγνόημα, “sin committed in ignorance/unintentionally.” This term seems to be simply a synonym for “sins” (cf. Heb 5:2) and does not pick up the distinction made in Num 15:22-31 between unwitting sin and “high-handed” sin. The Day of Atonement ritual in Lev 16 covered all the sins of the people, not just the unwitting ones.

²⁰ tn This verb occurs in the Greek middle voice, which here intensifies the role of the subject, Christ, in accomplishing the action: “he alone secured”; “he and no other secured.”

²¹ tn Or “prefiguration.”

²² tn The word “sanctuary” is not in the Greek text at this point, but has been supplied for clarity.

²³ sn An allusion to Isa 53:12.

²⁴ tn Grk “without sin,” but in context this does not refer to Christ’s sinlessness (as in Heb 4:15) but to the fact that sin is already dealt with by his first coming.

²⁵ tn Grk “for salvation.” This may be construed with the verb “await” (those who wait for him to bring them salvation), but the connection with “appear” (as in the translation) is more likely.

²⁶ tn Grk “those who approach.”

²⁷ sn Various phrases from the quotation of Ps 40:6 in Heb 10:5-6 are repeated in Heb 10:8.

²⁸ tn Grk “now.”

²⁹ tn Grk “Moses, when he was born, was hidden by his parents.”

³⁰ tn Grk “we had our earthly fathers as discipliners.”

³¹ tn Grk “the fathers of our flesh.” In Hebrews, “flesh” is a characteristic way of speaking about outward, physical, earthly life (cf. Heb 5:7; 9:10, 13), as opposed to the inward or spiritual dimensions of life.

³² tn Grk “and live.”

sn Submit ourselves…to the Father of spirits and receive life. This idea is drawn from Proverbs, where the Lord’s discipline brings life, while resistance to it leads to death (cf. Prov 4:13; 6:23; 10:17; 16:17).

³³ tn Or “as ones who will give an account”; Grk “as giving an account.”

³⁴ tn Grk “that they may do this.”