¹ tn Or “partook of” (this is a different word than the one in v. 14a).

² tn Grk “the same.”

³ tn Or “break the power of,” “reduce to nothing.”

⁴ tn Or “they were not united.”

⁵ tc A few mss (א and a few versional witnesses) have the nominative singular participle συγκεκερασμένος (sunkekerasmeno", “since it [the message] was not combined with faith by those who heard it”), a reading that refers back to the ὁ λόγος (Jo logo", “the message”). There are a few other variants here (e.g., συγκεκεραμμένοι [sunkekerammenoi] in 104, συγκεκεραμένους [sunkekeramenou"] in 1881 Ï), but the accusative plural participle συγκεκερασμένους (sunkekerasmenou"), found in Ì^13vid,46 A B C D* Ψ 0243 0278 33 81 1739 2464 pc, has by far the best external credentials. This participle agrees with the previous ἐκείνους (ekeinou", “those”), a more difficult construction grammatically than the nominative singular. Thus, both on external and internal grounds, συγκεκερασμένους is preferred.

⁶ tn Or “have fallen away.”

⁷ tn Or “while”; Grk “crucifying…and holding.” The Greek participles here (“crucifying…and holding”) can be understood as either causal (“since”) or temporal (“while”).

⁸ tn Grk “recrucifying the son of God for themselves.”

⁹ tn Grk “have taken refuge”; the basis of that refuge is implied in the preceding verse.

¹⁰ tn Grk “they will not teach, each one his fellow citizen…” The Greek makes this negation emphatic: “they will certainly not teach.”

¹¹ tn Grk “from the small to the great.”

¹² tn The Greek word μεσίτης (mesith", “mediator”) in this context does not imply that Jesus was a mediator in the contemporary sense of the word, i.e., he worked for compromise between opposing parties. Here the term describes his function as the one who was used by God to enact a new covenant which established a new relationship between God and his people, but entirely on God’s terms.

¹³ tn Grk “the promise of the eternal inheritance.”

¹⁴ tn Grk “a death having occurred.”

¹⁵ tn Grk “having such a great cloud of witnesses surrounding us.”