¹ tn Heb “will call his name Isaac.” The name means “he laughs,” or perhaps “may he laugh” (see the note on the word “laughed” in v. 17).

² tn Or “as an eternal.”

³ tn Heb “to take for himself from there a wife.”

⁴ tn The infinitive construct with the preposition and the suffix form a temporal clause.

⁵ tn Heb “you must not take a wife from the daughters of Canaan.”

⁶ tn The Hebrew word can sometimes carry the nuance “evil,” but when used of an animal it refers to a dangerous wild animal.

⁷ tn Heb “what his dreams will be.”

⁸ tn Heb “arose, stood”; which here suggests that they stood by him in his time of grief.

⁹ tn Heb “and he said, ‘Indeed I will go down to my son mourning to Sheol.’” Sheol was viewed as the place where departed spirits went after death.

¹⁰ tn Heb “his”; the referent (Joseph) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹¹ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Pharaoh) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹² tn Heb “and he caused him to ride in the second chariot which was his.”

¹³ tn The verb form appears to be a causative imperative from a verbal root meaning “to kneel.” It is a homonym of the word “bless” (identical in root letters but not related etymologically).

¹⁴ tn The nuance of the imperfect verbal form is permissive here.

¹⁵ tn Heb “my hand.”

¹⁶ tn The pronoun before the first person verbal form draws attention to the subject and emphasizes Judah’s willingness to be personally responsible for the boy.

¹⁷ sn I will bear the blame before you all my life. It is not clear how this would work out if Benjamin did not come back. But Judah is offering his life for Benjamin’s if Benjamin does not return.