Discovery BoxEzekiel 38:3-23 
Context38:3 and say: ‘This is what the sovereign Lord says: Look, 1 I am against you, Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal. 38:4 I will turn you around, put hooks into your jaws, and bring you out with all your army, horses and horsemen, all of them fully armed, a great company with shields of different types, 2 all of them armed with swords. 38:5 Persia, 3 Ethiopia, and Put 4 are with them, all of them with shields and helmets. 38:6 They are joined by 5 Gomer with all its troops, and by Beth Togarmah from the remote parts of the north with all its troops – many peoples are with you. 6
38:7 “‘Be ready and stay ready, you and all your companies assembled around you, and be a guard for them. 7 38:8 After many days you will be summoned; in the latter years you will come to a land restored from the ravages of war, 8 with many peoples gathered on the mountains of Israel that had long been in ruins. Its people 9 were brought out from the peoples, and all of them will be living securely. 38:9 You will advance; 10 you will come like a storm. You will be like a cloud covering the earth, you, all your troops, and the many other peoples with you.
38:10 “‘This is what the sovereign Lord says: On that day thoughts will come into your mind, 11 and you will devise an evil plan. 38:11 You will say, “I will invade 12 a land of unwalled towns; I will advance against 13 those living quietly in security – all of them living without walls and barred gates – 38:12 to loot and plunder, to attack 14 the inhabited ruins and the people gathered from the nations, who are acquiring cattle and goods, who live at the center 15 of the earth.” 38:13 Sheba and Dedan and the traders of Tarshish with all its young warriors 16 will say to you, “Have you come to loot? Have you assembled your armies to plunder, to carry away silver and gold, to take away cattle and goods, to haul away a great amount of spoils?”’
38:14 “Therefore, prophesy, son of man, and say to Gog: ‘This is what the sovereign Lord says: On that day when my people Israel are living securely, you will take notice 17 38:15 and come from your place, from the remote parts of the north, you and many peoples with you, all of them riding on horses, a great company and a vast army. 38:16 You will advance 18 against my people Israel like a cloud covering the earth. In the latter days I will bring you against my land so that the nations may acknowledge me, when before their eyes I magnify myself 19 through you, O Gog.
38:17 “‘This is what the sovereign Lord says: Are you the one of whom I spoke in former days by my servants 20 the prophets of Israel, who prophesied in those days 21 that I would bring you against them? 38:18 On that day, when Gog invades 22 the land of Israel, declares the sovereign Lord, my rage will mount up in my anger. 38:19 In my zeal, in the fire of my fury, 23 I declare that on that day there will be a great earthquake 24 in the land of Israel. 38:20 The fish of the sea, the birds of the sky, the wild beasts, all the things that creep on the ground, and all people who live on the face of the earth will shake 25 at my presence. The mountains will topple, the cliffs 26 will fall, and every wall will fall to the ground. 38:21 I will call for a sword to attack 27 Gog 28 on all my mountains, declares the sovereign Lord; every man’s sword will be against his brother. 38:22 I will judge him with plague and bloodshed. I will rain down on him, his troops and the many peoples who are with him a torrential downpour, hailstones, fire, and brimstone. 38:23 I will exalt and magnify myself; I will reveal myself before many nations. Then they will know that I am the Lord.’
1 tn Or “I challenge you.” The phrase “I am against you” may be a formula for challenging someone to combat or a duel. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:201-2, and P. Humbert, “Die Herausforderungsformel ‘h!nn#n' ?l?K>,’” ZAW 45 (1933): 101-8.
2 sn The Hebrew text mentions two different types of shields here.
3 tn D. I. Block prefers to see the Hebrew word as referring here to a western ally of Egypt or as an alternative spelling for Pathros, that is, Upper Egypt. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 2:439-40.
4 sn That is, Lydia.
5 tn The words “they are joined by” are added in the translation for purposes of English style.
6 sn The seven-nation coalition represents the north (Meshech, Tubal, Gomer, Beth-Togarmah), the south/west (Ethiopia, Put) and the east (Persia). The use of the sevenfold list suggests completeness. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 2:441.
7 tn The second person singular verbal and pronominal forms in the Hebrew text indicate that Gog is addressed here.
8 tn Heb “from the sword.”
9 tn Heb “it.”
10 tn Heb “go up.”
11 tn Heb “words will go up upon your heart.”
12 tn Heb “go up against.”
13 tn Heb “come (to).”
14 tn Heb “to turn your hand against.”
15 tn The Hebrew term occurs elsewhere only in Judg 9:37. Perhaps it means “high point, top.”
16 tn Heb “young lions.”
17 tn The Hebrew text is framed as a rhetorical question: “will you not take notice?”
18 tn Heb “come up.”
19 tn Or “reveal my holiness.”
20 tn Heb “by the hand of my servants.”
21 tn The Hebrew text adds “years” here, but this is probably a scribal gloss on the preceding phrase. See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:201.
22 tn Heb “goes up against.”
23 sn The phrase “in the fire of my fury” occurs in Ezek 21:31; 22:21, 31.
24 tn Or “shaking.”
25 tn Or “tremble.”
26 tn The term occurs only here and in Song of Songs 2:14.
27 tn Heb “against.”
28 tn Heb “him”; the referent (Gog, cf. v. 18) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
