Discovery BoxExodus 12:39 
Context12:39 They baked cakes of bread without yeast using the dough they had brought from Egypt, for it was made without yeast – because they were thrust out 1 of Egypt and were not able to delay, they 2 could not prepare 3 food for themselves either.
Exodus 18:22
Context18:22 They will judge 4 the people under normal circumstances, 5 and every difficult case 6 they will bring to you, but every small case 7 they themselves will judge, so that 8 you may make it easier for yourself, 9 and they will bear the burden 10 with you.
Exodus 23:12
Context23:12 For six days you are to do your work, but on the seventh day you must cease, in order that your ox and your donkey may rest and that your female servant’s son and any hired help 11 may refresh themselves. 12
Exodus 32:8
Context32:8 They have quickly turned aside 13 from the way that I commanded them – they have made for themselves a molten calf and have bowed down to it and sacrificed to it and said, ‘These are your gods, O Israel, which brought you up from the land of Egypt.’”
1 sn For the use of this word in developing the motif, see Exod 2:17, 22; 6:1; and 11:1.
2 tn Heb “and also.”
3 tn The verb is עָשׂוּ (’asu, “they made”); here, with a potential nuance, it is rendered “they could [not] prepare.”
4 tn The form is the perfect tense with the vav (ו) consecutive, making it equivalent to the imperfect of instruction in the preceding verse.
5 tn Heb “in every time,” meaning “in all normal cases” or “under normal circumstances.” The same phrase occurs in v. 26.
6 tn Heb “great thing.”
7 tn Heb “thing.”
8 tn The vav here shows the result or the purpose of the instructions given.
9 tn The expression וְהָקֵל מֵעָלֶיךָ (vÿhaqel me’aleykha) means literally “and make it light off yourself.” The word plays against the word for “heavy” used earlier – since it was a heavy or burdensome task, Moses must lighten the load.
10 tn Here “the burden” has been supplied.
11 tn Heb “alien,” or “resident foreigner.” Such an individual would have traveled out of need and depended on the goodwill of the people around him. The rendering “hired help” assumes that the foreigner is mentioned in this context because he is working for an Israelite and will benefit from the Sabbath rest, along with his employer.
12 tn The verb is וְיִּנָּפֵשׁ (vÿyyinnafesh); it is related to the word usually translated “soul” or “life.”
13 tn The verb is a perfect tense, reflecting the present perfect nuance: “they have turned aside” and are still disobedient. But the verb is modified with the adverb “quickly” (actually a Piel infinitive absolute). It has been only a matter of weeks since they heard the voice of God prohibiting this.
