Esther 1:12
Context1:12 But Queen Vashti refused 1 to come at the king’s bidding 2 conveyed through the eunuchs. Then the king became extremely angry, and his rage consumed 3 him.
Esther 5:4
Context5:4 Esther replied, “If the king is so inclined, 4 let the king and Haman come today to the banquet that I have prepared for him.”
1 sn Refusal to obey the king was risky even for a queen in the ancient world. It is not clear why Vashti behaved so rashly and put herself in such danger. Apparently she anticipated humiliation of some kind and was unwilling to subject herself to it, in spite of the obvious dangers. There is no justification in the biblical text for an ancient Jewish targumic tradition that the king told her to appear before his guests dressed in nothing but her royal high turban, that is, essentially naked.
2 tn Heb “at the word of the king”; NASB “at the king’s command.”
3 tn Heb “burned in him” (so KJV).
4 tn Heb “If upon the king it is good”; NASB “If it please the king.”