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Deuteronomy 4:25

Context
Threat and Blessing following Covenant Disobedience

4:25 After you have produced children and grandchildren and have been in the land a long time, 1  if you become corrupt and make an image of any kind 2  and do other evil things before the Lord your God that enrage him, 3 

Deuteronomy 9:18

Context
9:18 Then I again fell down before the Lord for forty days and nights; I ate and drank nothing because of all the sin you had committed, doing such evil before the Lord as to enrage him.

Deuteronomy 32:21

Context

32:21 They have made me jealous 4  with false gods, 5 

enraging me with their worthless gods; 6 

so I will make them jealous with a people they do not recognize, 7 

with a nation slow to learn 8  I will enrage them.

1 tn Heb “have grown old in the land,” i.e., been there for a long time.

2 tn Heb “a form of anything.” Cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV, TEV “an idol.”

3 tn The infinitive construct is understood here as indicating the result, not the intention, of their actions.

4 sn They have made me jealous. The “jealousy” of God is not a spirit of pettiness prompted by his insecurity, but righteous indignation caused by the disloyalty of his people to his covenant grace (see note on the word “God” in Deut 4:24). The jealousy of Israel, however (see next line), will be envy because of God’s lavish attention to another nation. This is an ironic wordplay. See H. Peels, NIDOTTE 3:938-39.

5 tn Heb “what is not a god,” or a “nondeity.”

6 tn Heb “their empty (things).” The Hebrew term used here to refer pejoratively to the false gods is הֶבֶל (hevel, “futile” or “futility”), used frequently in Ecclesiastes (e.g., Eccl 1:1, “Futile! Futile!” laments the Teacher, “Absolutely futile! Everything is futile!”).

7 tn Heb “what is not a people,” or a “nonpeople.” The “nonpeople” (לֹא־עָם, lo-am) referred to here are Gentiles who someday would become God’s people in the fullest sense (cf. Hos 1:9; 2:23).

8 tn Heb “a foolish nation” (so KJV, NAB, NRSV); NIV “a nation that has no understanding”; NLT “I will provoke their fury by blessing the foolish Gentiles.”



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