Discovery BoxDaniel 1:7 
Context1:7 But the overseer of the court officials renamed them. He gave 1 Daniel the name Belteshazzar, Hananiah he named Shadrach, Mishael he named Meshach, and Azariah he named Abednego. 2
Daniel 5:19
Context5:19 Due to the greatness that he bestowed on him, all peoples, nations, and language groups were trembling with fear 3 before him. He killed whom he wished, he spared 4 whom he wished, he exalted whom he wished, and he brought low whom he wished.
1 tc The LXX and Vulgate lack the verb here.
2 sn The meanings of the Babylonian names are more conjectural than is the case with the Hebrew names. The probable etymologies are as follows: Belteshazzar means “protect his life,” although the MT vocalization may suggest “Belti, protect the king” (cf. Dan 4:8); Shadrach perhaps means “command of Aku”; Meshach is of uncertain meaning; Abednego means “servant of Nego.” Assigning Babylonian names to the Hebrew youths may have been an attempt to erase from their memory their Israelite heritage.
3 tn Aram “were trembling and fearing.” This can be treated as a hendiadys, “were trembling with fear.”
4 tn Aram “let live.” This Aramaic form is the aphel participle of חַיָה(khayah, “to live”). Theodotion and the Vulgate mistakenly take the form to be from מְחָא (mÿkha’, “to smite”).
