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2 Kings 1:3

Context

1:3 But the Lord’s angelic messenger told Elijah the Tishbite, “Get up, go to meet the messengers from the king of Samaria. Say this to them: ‘You must think there is no God in Israel! That explains why you are on your way to seek an oracle from Baal Zebub the god of Ekron. 1 

2 Kings 3:11

Context
3:11 Jehoshaphat asked, “Is there no prophet of the Lord here that we might seek the Lord’s direction?” 2  One of the servants of the king of Israel answered, “Elisha son of Shapat is here; he used to be Elijah’s servant.” 3 

2 Kings 9:6

Context
9:6 So Jehu 4  got up and went inside. Then the prophet 5  poured the olive oil on his head and said to him, “This is what the Lord God of Israel says, ‘I have designated you as king over the Lord’s people Israel.

2 Kings 11:15

Context
11:15 Jehoiada the priest ordered the officers of the units of hundreds, who were in charge of the army, 6  “Bring her outside the temple to the guards. 7  Put the sword to anyone who follows her.” The priest gave this order because he had decided she should not be executed in the Lord’s temple. 8 

2 Kings 11:18-19

Context
11:18 All the people of the land went and demolished 9  the temple of Baal. They smashed its altars and idols 10  to bits. 11  They killed Mattan the priest of Baal in front of the altar. Jehoiada the priest 12  then placed guards at the Lord’s temple. 11:19 He took the officers of the units of hundreds, the Carians, the royal bodyguard, and all the people of land, and together they led the king down from the Lord’s temple. They entered the royal palace through the Gate of the Royal Bodyguard, 13  and the king 14  sat down on the royal throne.

2 Kings 12:18

Context
12:18 King Jehoash of Judah collected all the sacred items that his ancestors Jehoshaphat, Jehoram, and Ahaziah, kings of Judah, had consecrated, as well as his own sacred items and all the gold that could be found in the treasuries of the Lord’s temple and the royal palace. He sent it all 15  to King Hazael of Syria, who then withdrew 16  from Jerusalem.

2 Kings 14:6

Context
14:6 But he did not execute the sons of the assassins. He obeyed the Lord’s commandment as recorded in the law scroll of Moses, 17  “Fathers must not be put to death for what their sons do, 18  and sons must not be put to death for what their fathers do. 19  A man must be put to death only for his own sin.” 20 

2 Kings 17:15

Context
17:15 They rejected his rules, the covenant he had made with their ancestors, and the laws he had commanded them to obey. 21  They paid allegiance to 22  worthless idols, and so became worthless to the Lord. 23  They copied the practices of the surrounding nations in blatant disregard of the Lord’s command. 24 

2 Kings 20:5

Context
20:5 “Go back and tell Hezekiah, the leader of my people: ‘This is what the Lord God of your ancestor David says: “I have heard your prayer; I have seen your tears. Look, I will heal you. The day after tomorrow 25  you will go up to the Lord’s temple.

2 Kings 22:13

Context
22:13 “Go, seek an oracle from 26  the Lord for me and the people – for all Judah. Find out about 27  the words of this scroll that has been discovered. For the Lord’s fury has been ignited against us, 28  because our ancestors have not obeyed the words of this scroll by doing all that it instructs us to do.” 29 

2 Kings 23:4

Context

23:4 The king ordered Hilkiah the high priest, the high-ranking priests, 30  and the guards 31  to bring out of the Lord’s temple all the items that were used in the worship of 32  Baal, Asherah, and all the stars of the sky. 33  The king 34  burned them outside of Jerusalem in the terraces 35  of Kidron, and carried their ashes to Bethel. 36 

2 Kings 23:11-12

Context
23:11 He removed from the entrance to the Lord’s temple the statues of horses 37  that the kings of Judah had placed there in honor of the sun god. (They were kept near the room of Nathan Melech the eunuch, which was situated among the courtyards.) 38  He burned up the chariots devoted to the sun god. 39  23:12 The king tore down the altars the kings of Judah had set up on the roof of Ahaz’s upper room, as well as the altars Manasseh had set up in the two courtyards of the Lord’s temple. He crushed them up 40  and threw the dust in the Kidron Valley.

2 Kings 23:24

Context

23:24 Josiah also got rid of 41  the ritual pits used to conjure up spirits, 42  the magicians, personal idols, disgusting images, 43  and all the detestable idols that had appeared in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem. In this way he carried out the terms of the law 44  recorded on the scroll that Hilkiah the priest had discovered in the Lord’s temple.

2 Kings 25:16

Context
25:16 The bronze of the items that King Solomon made for the Lord’s temple – including the two pillars, the big bronze basin called “The Sea,” the twelve bronze bulls under “The Sea,” 45  and the movable stands – was too heavy to be weighed.

1 tn Heb “Is it because there is no God in Israel [that] you are going to inquire of Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron?” The translation seeks to bring out the sarcastic tone of the rhetorical question.

2 tn Heb “that we might inquire of the Lord through him?”

3 tn Heb “who poured water on the hands of Elijah.” This refers to one of the typical tasks of a servant.

4 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jehu) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

5 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the prophet) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

6 tn The Hebrew text also has, “and said to them.” This is redundant in English and has not been translated.

7 tn Heb “ranks.”

8 tn Heb “for the priest had said, ‘Let her not be put to death in the house of the Lord.’”

9 tn Or “tore down.”

10 tn Or “images.”

11 tn The Hebrew construction translated “smashed…to bits” is emphatic. The adverbial infinitive absolute (הֵיטֵב [hetev], “well”) accompanying the Piel form of the verb שָׁבַר (shavar), “break,” suggests thorough demolition.

12 tn Heb “the priest.” Jehoiada’s name is added for clarification.

13 tn Heb “the Gate of the Runners of the House of the King.”

14 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

15 tn The object (“it all”) is supplied in the translation for clarification.

16 tn Heb “went up.”

17 tn Heb “as it is written in the scroll of the law of Moses which the Lord commanded, saying.”

18 tn Heb “on account of sons.”

19 tn Heb “on account of fathers.”

20 sn This law is recorded in Deut 24:16.

21 tn Or “and his warnings he had given them.”

22 tn Heb “They went [or, ‘followed’] after.” This idiom probably does not mean much if translated literally. It is found most often in Deuteronomy or in literature related to the covenant. It refers in the first instance to loyalty to God and to His covenant or His commandments (1 Kgs 14:8; 2 Chr 34:31) with the metaphor of a path or way underlying it (Deut 11:28; 28:14). To “follow other gods” was to abandon this way and this loyalty (to “abandon” or “forget” God, Judg 2:12; Hos 2:13) and to follow the customs or religious traditions of the pagan nations (2 Kgs 17:15). The classic text on “following” God or another god is 1 Kgs 18:18, 21 where Elijah taunts the people with “halting between two opinions” whether the Lord was the true God or Baal was. The idiom is often found followed by “to serve and to worship” or “they served and worshiped” such and such a god or entity (Jer 8:2; 11:10; 13:10; 16:11; 25:6; 35:15).

23 tn Heb “they followed after the worthless thing/things and became worthless.” The words “to the Lord” are not in the Hebrew text but are implicit from the context. There is an obvious wordplay on the verb “became worthless” and the noun “worthless thing”, which is probably to be understood collectively and to refer to idols as it does in Jer 8:19; 10:8; 14:22; Jonah 2:8.

24 tn Heb “and [they walked] after the nations which were around them, concerning which the Lord commanded them not to do like them.”

25 tn Heb “on the third day.”

26 tn Or “inquire of.”

27 tn Heb “concerning.”

28 tn Heb “for great is the anger of the Lord which has been ignited against us.”

29 tn Heb “by doing all that is written concerning us.” Perhaps עָלֵינוּ (’alenu), “concerning us,” should be altered to עָלָיו (’alav), “upon it,” in which case one could translate, “by doing all that is written in it.”

30 tn Heb “the priests of the second [rank],” that is, those ranked just beneath Hilkiah.

31 tn Or “doorkeepers.”

32 tn Heb “for.”

33 tn Heb “all the host of heaven” (also in v. 5).

34 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

35 tn Or “fields.” For a defense of the translation “terraces,” see M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 285.

36 map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

37 tn The MT simply reads “the horses.” The words “statues of” have been supplied in the translation for clarity.

38 tn Heb “who/which was in the […?].” The meaning of the Hebrew term פַּרְוָרִים (parvarim), translated here “courtyards,” is uncertain. The relative clause may indicate where the room was located or explain who Nathan Melech was, “the eunuch who was in the courtyards.” See M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 288-89, who translate “the officer of the precincts.”

39 tn Heb “and the chariots of the sun he burned with fire.”

40 tc The MT reads, “he ran from there,” which makes little if any sense in this context. Some prefer to emend the verbal form (Qal of רוּץ [ruts], “run”) to a Hiphil of רוּץ with third plural suffix and translate, “he quickly removed them” (see BDB 930 s.v. רוּץ, and M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings [AB], 289). The suffix could have been lost in MT by haplography (note the mem [מ] that immediately follows the verb on the form מִשֳׁם, misham, “from there”). Another option, the one reflected in the translation, is to emend the verb to a Piel of רָצַץ (ratsats), “crush,” with third plural suffix.

41 tn Here בִּעֵר (bier) is not the well attested verb “burn,” but the less common homonym meaning “devastate, sweep away, remove.” See HALOT 146 s.v. בער.

42 sn See the note at 2 Kgs 21:6.

43 sn See the note at 1 Kgs 15:12.

44 tn Heb “carrying out the words of the law.”

45 tc The MT lacks “the twelve bronze bulls under ‘the Sea,’” but these words have probably been accidentally omitted by homoioarcton. The scribe’s eye may have jumped from the וְהָ (vÿha-) on וְהַבָּקָר (vÿhabbaqar), “and the bulls,” to the וְהָ on וְהַמְּכֹנוֹת (vÿhammÿkhonot), “and the movable stands,” causing him to leave out the intervening words. See the parallel passage in Jer 52:20.



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