Galatians 2:1

Confirmation from the Jerusalem Apostles

2:1 Then after fourteen years I went up to Jerusalem¹ again with Barnabas, taking Titus along too.

Galatians 2:9

2:9 and when James, Cephas,² and John, who had a reputation as³ pillars,⁴ recognized⁵ the grace that had been given to me, they gave to Barnabas and me⁶ the right hand of fellowship, agreeing⁷ that we would go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised.⁸

Galatians 2:13

2:13 And the rest of the Jews also joined with him in this hypocrisy, so that even Barnabas was led astray with them⁹ by their hypocrisy.

¹map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

²sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211).

³tn Or “who were influential as,” or “who were reputed to be.” See also the note on the word “influential” in 2:6.

⁴sn Pillars is figurative here for those like James, Peter, and John who were leaders in the Jerusalem church.

⁵tn The participle γνόντες (gnontes) has been taken temporally. It is structurally parallel to the participle translated “when they saw” in v. 7.

⁶tn Grk “me and Barnabas.”

⁷tn Grk “so,” with the ἵνα (Jina) indicating the result of the “pillars” extending the “right hand of fellowship,” but the translation “they gave…the right hand of fellowship so that we would go” could be misunderstood as purpose here. The implication of the scene is that an agreement, outlined at the end of v. 10, was reached between Paul and Barnabas on the one hand and the “pillars” of the Jerusalem church on the other.

⁸tn Grk “to the circumcision,” a collective reference to the Jewish people.

⁹tn The words “with them” are a reflection of the σύν- (sun-) prefix on the verb συναπήχθη (sunaphcqh; see L&N 31.76).