Acts 9:3-22

9:3 As he was going along, approaching ¹  Damascus, suddenly a light from heaven flashed ²  around him. 9:4 He ³  fell to the ground and heard a voice saying to him, “Saul, Saul, ⁴  why are you persecuting me?” ⁵  9:5 So he said, “Who are you, Lord?” He replied, “I am Jesus whom you are persecuting! 9:6 But stand up ⁶  and enter the city and you will be told ⁷  what you must do.” 9:7 (Now the men ⁸  who were traveling with him stood there speechless, ⁹  because they heard the voice but saw no one.) ¹⁰  9:8 So Saul got up from the ground, but although his eyes were open, ¹¹  he could see nothing. ¹²  Leading him by the hand, his companions ¹³  brought him into Damascus. 9:9 For ¹⁴  three days he could not see, and he neither ate nor drank anything. ¹⁵ 

9:10 Now there was a disciple in Damascus named Ananias. The ¹⁶  Lord ¹⁷  said to him in a vision, “Ananias,” and he replied, “Here I am, ¹⁸  Lord.” 9:11 Then the Lord told him, “Get up and go to the street called ‘Straight,’ ¹⁹  and at Judas’ house look for a man from Tarsus named Saul. For he is praying, 9:12 and he has seen in a vision ²⁰  a man named Ananias come in and place his hands on him so that he may see again.” 9:13 But Ananias replied, ²¹  “Lord, I have heard from many people ²²  about this man, how much harm he has done to your saints in Jerusalem, 9:14 and here he has authority from the chief priests to imprison ²³  all who call on your name!” ²⁴  9:15 But the Lord said to him, “Go, because this man is my chosen instrument ²⁵  to carry my name before Gentiles and kings and the people of Israel. ²⁶  9:16 For I will show him how much he must suffer for the sake of my name.” ²⁷  9:17 So Ananias departed and entered the house, placed ²⁸  his hands on Saul ²⁹  and said, “Brother Saul, the Lord Jesus, who appeared to you on the road as you came here, ³⁰  has sent me so that you may see again and be filled with the Holy Spirit.” ³¹  9:18 Immediately ³²  something like scales ³³  fell from his eyes, and he could see again. He ³⁴  got up and was baptized, 9:19 and after taking some food, his strength returned.

For several days ³⁵  he was with the disciples in Damascus, 9:20 and immediately he began to proclaim Jesus in the synagogues, ³⁶  saying, “This man is the Son of God.” ³⁷  9:21 All ³⁸  who heard him were amazed and were saying, “Is this not ³⁹  the man who in Jerusalem was ravaging ⁴⁰  those who call on this name, and who had come here to bring them as prisoners ⁴¹  to the chief priests?” 9:22 But Saul became more and more capable, ⁴²  and was causing consternation ⁴³  among the Jews who lived in Damascus by proving ⁴⁴  that Jesus ⁴⁵  is the Christ. ⁴⁶ 

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¹ tn Grk “As he was going along, it happened that when he was approaching.” The phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.

² tn Or “shone” (BDAG 799 s.v. περιαστράπτω). The light was more brilliant than the sun according to Acts 26:13.

³ tn Grk “and he.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence, the conjunction καί (kai) has not been translated here. Instead a new English sentence is begun.

⁴ tn The double vocative suggests emotion.

⁵ sn Persecuting me. To persecute the church is to persecute Jesus.

⁶ tn Or “But arise.”

⁷ tn Literally a passive construction, “it will be told to you.” This has been converted to another form of passive construction in the translation.

⁸ tn The Greek term here is ἀνήρ (anhr), which is used only rarely in a generic sense of both men and women. In the historical setting here, Paul’s traveling companions were almost certainly all males.

⁹ tn That is, unable to speak because of fear or amazement. See BDAG 335 s.v. ἐνεός.

¹⁰ sn This is a parenthetical note by the author. Acts 22:9 appears to indicate that they saw the light but did not hear a voice. They were “witnesses” that something happened.

¹¹ tn Grk “his eyes being open,” a genitive absolute construction that has been translated as a concessive adverbial participle.

¹² sn He could see nothing. This sign of blindness, which was temporary until v. 18, is like the sign of deafness experienced by Zechariah in Luke 1. It allowed some time for Saul (Paul) to reflect on what had happened without distractions.

¹³ tn Grk “they”; the referents (Saul’s companions) have been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁴ tn Grk “And for.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

¹⁵ tn The word “anything” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader. The fasting might indicate an initial realization of Luke 5:33-39. Fasting was usually accompanied by reflective thought.

¹⁶ tn Grk “And the.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

¹⁷ sn The Lord is directing all the events leading to the expansion of the gospel as he works on both sides of the meeting between Paul and Ananias. “The Lord” here refers to Jesus (see v. 17).

¹⁸ tn Grk “behold, I,” but this construction often means “here is/there is” (cf. BDAG 468 s.v. ἰδού 2).

¹⁹ sn The noting of the detail of the locale, ironically called ‘Straight’ Street, shows how directive and specific the Lord was.

²⁰ tc ‡ The words ἐν ὀράματι (en oramati, “in a vision”) are not found in some of the earliest and best mss (Ì⁷⁴ א A 81 pc lat sa bo), but are implied from the context. The phrase is included, although sometimes in a different order with ἄνδρα (andra, “man”) or omitting ἄνδρα altogether, by B C E Ψ 33 1175 1739 Ï. The order of words in NA²⁷, ἄνδρα ἐν ὁράματι, is supported only by B C 1175. Generally speaking, when there are three or more variants, with one an omission and the others involving rearrangements, the longer readings are later scribal additions. Further, the reading looks like a clarifying note, for an earlier vision is explicitly mentioned in v. 10. On the other hand, it is possible that some scribes deleted the words because of perceived repetition, though this is unlikely since it is a different vision two verses back. It is also possible that some scribes could have confused ὁράματι with ὀνόματι (onomati, “name”); TCGNT 319 notes that several mss place ονόματι before ᾿Ανανίαν (Ananian, “Ananias”) while a few others drop ὀνόματι altogether. The Sahidic mss are among those that drop the word, however, and they also lack ἐν ὁράματι; all that is left is one version and father that drops ὀνόματι. Perhaps the best argument for the authenticity of the phrase is that B C 1175 preserve a rare, distinctively Lukan word order, but this is not nearly as harsh or unusual as what Luke does elsewhere. A decision is difficult in this case, but on balance the omission of the phrase seems to be authentic. The words are nevertheless added in the translation because of contextual considerations. NA²⁷ places the words in brackets, indicating doubts as to their authenticity.

sn Apparently while in Damascus Paul had a subsequent vision in the midst of his blindness, fulfilling the prediction in 9:6.

²¹ sn Ananias replied. Past events might have suggested to Ananias that this was not good counsel, but like Peter in Acts 10, Ananias’ intuitions were wrong.

²² tn The word “people” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.

²³ tn Grk “to bind.”

²⁴ sn The expression “those who call on your name” is a frequent description of believers (Acts 2:21; 1 Cor 1:2; Rom 10:13).

²⁵ tn Or “tool.”

²⁶ tn Grk “the sons of Israel.” In Acts, Paul is a minister to all nations, including Israel (Rom 1:16-17).

²⁷ tn Or “because of my name.” BDAG 1031 s.v. ὑπέρ 2 lists Acts 9:16 as an example of ὑπέρ (Juper) used to indicate “the moving cause or reason, because of, for the sake of, for.”

²⁸ tn Grk “and placing his hands on Saul, he said.” The participle ἐπιθείς (epiqei") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. For the same reason καί (kai) has not been translated before the participle.

²⁹ tn Grk “on him”; the referent (Saul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

³⁰ tn Grk “on the road in which you came,” but the relative clause makes for awkward English style, so it was translated as a temporal clause (“as you came here”).

³¹ sn Be filled with the Holy Spirit. Here someone who is not an apostle (Ananias) commissions another person with the Spirit.

³² tn Grk “And immediately.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

³³ tn The comparison to “scales” suggests a crusty covering which peeled away (cf. BDAG 592 s.v. λεπίς 2).

³⁴ tn Grk “and he.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence, the conjunction καί (kai) has not been translated here. Instead a new English sentence was started, with “and” placed before the final element of the previous clause as required by English style.

³⁵ tn Grk “It happened that for several days.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.

³⁶ sn See the note on synagogue in 6:9.

³⁷ tn The ὅτι (Joti) is understood to introduce direct (“This man is the Son of God”) rather than indirect discourse (“that this man is the Son of God”) because the pronoun οὗτος (Jouto") combined with the present tense verb ἐστιν (estin) suggests the contents of what was proclaimed are a direct (albeit summarized) quotation.

sn This is the only use of the title Son of God in Acts. The book prefers to allow a variety of descriptions to present Jesus.

³⁸ tn Grk “And all.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

³⁹ tn The Greek interrogative particle used in this verse (οὐχ, ouc) expects a positive reply. They all knew about Saul’s persecutions.

⁴⁰ tn Normally, “destroying,” but compare 4 Macc 4:23; 11:4 and MM 529 s.v. πορθέω for examples from Koine papyri. See also BDAG 853 s.v. πορθέω.

⁴¹ tn Grk “bring them bound”; the translation “bring someone as prisoner” for δεδεμένον ἄγειν τινά (dedemenon agein tina) is given by BDAG 221 s.v. δέω 1.b.

⁴² tn Grk “was becoming stronger,” but this could be understood in a physical sense, while the text refers to Saul’s growing ability to demonstrate to fellow Jews that Jesus was the Messiah. The translation “to become capable” for ἐνδυναμόω (endunamow) is given in L&N 74.7, with this specific verse as an example.

⁴³ tn Or “was confounding.” For the translation “to cause consternation” for συγχέω (suncew) see L&N 25.221.

⁴⁴ tn Or “by showing for certain.”

⁴⁵ tn Grk “that this one”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁴⁶ tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.” Note again the variation in the titles used.

sn See the note on Christ in 2:31.