6:12 Then 5 I looked when the Lamb opened the sixth seal, and a huge 6 earthquake took place; the sun became as black as sackcloth made of hair, 7 and the full moon became blood red; 8
1 tn L&N 79.31 states, “‘fiery red’ (probably with a tinge of yellow or orange).”
2 tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”
3 tn The word “permission” is implied; Grk “it was given to him to take peace from the earth.”
4 tn BDAG 979 s.v. σφάζω states, “Of the killing of a person by violence…σφάζειν τινά butcher or murder someone (4 Km 10:7; Jer 52:10; Manetho: 609 fgm. 8, 76 Jac. [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 76]; Demetr.[?]: 722 fgm. 7; Ar. 10, 9) 1J 3:12; Rv 6:4. Pass. (Hdt. 5, 5) 5:9; 6:9; 18:24.”
5 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
6 tn Or “powerful”; Grk “a great.”
7 tn Or “like hairy sackcloth” (L&N 8.13).
8 tn Grk “like blood,” understanding αἷμα (aima) as a blood-red color rather than actual blood (L&N 8.64).
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of the description of the horses and riders, which is somewhat parenthetical in the narrative.
10 tn Grk “and those seated on them.”
11 tn Grk “the vision”; the Greek article has been translated as a possessive pronoun (ExSyn 215).
12 tn L&N 79.31 states, “‘fiery red’ (probably with a tinge of yellow or orange).”
13 tn On this term BDAG 1022 s.v. ὑακίνθινος states, “hyacinth-colored, i.e. dark blue (dark red?) w. πύρινος Rv 9:17.”
14 tn On this term BDAG 446 s.v. θειώδης states, “sulphurous Rv 9:17.”
15 sn The colors of the riders’ breastplates parallel the three plagues of fire, smoke, and sulfur in v. 18.
16 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
17 tn Traditionally, “brimstone.”