6:12 Then 5 I looked when the Lamb opened the sixth seal, and a huge 6 earthquake took place; the sun became as black as sackcloth made of hair, 7 and the full moon became blood red; 8
8:10 Then 9 the third angel blew his trumpet, and a huge star burning like a torch fell from the sky; 10 it landed 11 on a third of the rivers and on the springs of water.
18:21 Then 13 one powerful angel picked up a stone like a huge millstone, threw it into the sea, and said,
“With this kind of sudden violent force 14
Babylon the great city will be thrown down 15
and it will never be found again!
1 tn L&N 79.31 states, “‘fiery red’ (probably with a tinge of yellow or orange).”
2 tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”
3 tn The word “permission” is implied; Grk “it was given to him to take peace from the earth.”
4 tn BDAG 979 s.v. σφάζω states, “Of the killing of a person by violence…σφάζειν τινά butcher or murder someone (4 Km 10:7; Jer 52:10; Manetho: 609 fgm. 8, 76 Jac. [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 76]; Demetr.[?]: 722 fgm. 7; Ar. 10, 9) 1J 3:12; Rv 6:4. Pass. (Hdt. 5, 5) 5:9; 6:9; 18:24.”
5 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
6 tn Or “powerful”; Grk “a great.”
7 tn Or “like hairy sackcloth” (L&N 8.13).
8 tn Grk “like blood,” understanding αἷμα (aima) as a blood-red color rather than actual blood (L&N 8.64).
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
10 tn Or “from heaven” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”).
11 tn Grk “fell.”
12 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the result of the war in heaven.
13 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
14 tn On ὅρμημα ({ormhma) BDAG 724 s.v. states, “violent rush, onset ὁρμήματι βληθήσεται Βαβυλών Babylon will be thrown down with violence Rv 18:21.” L&N 68.82 refers to the suddenness of the force or violence.
15 sn Thrown down is a play on both the words and the action. The angel’s action with the stone illustrates the kind of sudden violent force with which the city will be overthrown.