13:11 Then 12 I saw another beast 13 coming up from the earth. He 14 had two horns like a lamb, 15 but 16 was speaking like a dragon.
16:12 Then 17 the sixth angel 18 poured out his bowl on the great river Euphrates and dried up its water 19 to prepare the way 20 for the kings from the east. 21
18:1 After these things I saw another angel, who possessed great authority, coming down out of heaven, and the earth was lit up by his radiance. 22
1 tn The verb ἔμελλον (emellon) is in the imperfect tense.
2 tn The perfect passive participle has been translated as an intensive (resultative) perfect here.
3 tn Or “in the judgment.” BDAG 342 s.v. ἐνώπιον 3 states, “in the opinion/judgment of…As a rule…of θεός or κύριος; so after…πεπληρωμένος Rv 3:2.”
4 tn Or “The heavens were.” The Greek word οὐρανός (ouranos) can mean either “heaven” or “sky.”
5 tn BDAG 125 s.v. ἀποχωρίζω states, “ὁ οὐρανὸς ἀπεχωρίσθη the sky was split Rv 6:14.” Although L&N 79.120 gives the meaning “the sky disappeared like a rolled-up scroll” here, a scroll that is rolled up does not “disappear,” and such a translation could be difficult for modern readers to understand.
6 tn On this term BDAG 317 s.v. ἑλίσσω states, “ὡς βιβλίον ἑλισσόμενον like a scroll that is rolled up…Rv 6:14.”
7 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
8 tn Or “be victorious over”; traditionally, “overcome.”
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present here.
10 tn Grk “the earth helped the woman.”
11 tn Grk “the earth opened its mouth” (a metaphor for the ground splitting open).
12 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
13 sn This second beast is identified in Rev 16:13 as “the false prophet.”
14 tn Grk “and it had,” a continuation of the preceding sentence. On the use of the pronoun “he” to refer to the second beast, see the note on the word “It” in 13:1.
15 tn Or perhaps, “like a ram.” Here L&N 4.25 states, “In the one context in the NT, namely, Re 13:11, in which ἀρνίον refers literally to a sheep, it is used in a phrase referring to the horns of an ἀρνίον. In such a context the reference is undoubtedly to a ‘ram,’ that is to say, the adult male of sheep.” In spite of this most translations render the word “lamb” here to maintain the connection between this false lamb and the true Lamb of the Book of Revelation, Jesus Christ.
16 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
17 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
18 tn Grk “the sixth”; the referent (the sixth angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
19 tn Grk “and its water was dried up.” Here the passive construction has been translated as an active one.
20 tn Grk “in order that the way might be prepared.” Here the passive construction has been translated as an active one.
21 tn Grk “from the rising of the sun.” BDAG 74 s.v. ἀνατολή 2.a takes this as a geographical direction: “ἀπὸ ἀ. ἡλίου…from the east Rv 7:2; 16:12; simply ἀπὸ ἀ. …21:13.”
22 tn Grk “glory”; but often in the sense of splendor, brightness, or radiance (see L&N 14.49).
23 tn Here the imperfect ἔκραζον (ekrazon) has been translated ingressively.
24 tn Grk “from the burning of her, saying.” For the translation “the smoke from the fire that burned her up,” see L&N 14.63. Here the participle λέγοντες (legontes, “saying”) has not been translated because it is redundant in contemporary English.
25 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
26 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.