Revelation 13:8

13:8 and all those who live on the earth will worship the beast, everyone whose name has not been written since the foundation of the world in the book of life belonging to the Lamb who was killed.

Revelation 21:19

21:19 The foundations of the city’s wall are decorated with every kind of precious stone. The first foundation is jasper, the second sapphire, the third agate, the fourth emerald,

tn Grk “it”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

tn The prepositional phrase “since the foundation of the world” is traditionally translated as a modifier of the immediately preceding phrase in the Greek text, “the Lamb who was killed” (so also G. B. Caird, Revelation [HNTC], 168), but it is more likely that the phrase “since the foundation of the world” modifies the verb “written” (as translated above). Confirmation of this can be found in Rev 17:8 where the phrase “written in the book of life since the foundation of the world” occurs with no ambiguity.

tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”

tn The perfect participle here has been translated as an intensive (resultative) perfect.

sn Agate (also called chalcedony) is a semiprecious stone usually milky or gray in color (L&N 2.32).