Revelation 12:9
12:9 So 1 that huge dragon – the ancient serpent, the one called the devil and Satan, who deceives the whole world – was thrown down to the earth, and his angels along with him.
Revelation 12:13
12:13 Now 2 when the dragon realized 3 that he had been thrown down to the earth, he pursued the woman who had given birth to the male child.
Revelation 12:15
12:15 Then 4 the serpent spouted water like a river out of his mouth after the woman in an attempt to 5 sweep her away by a flood,
Revelation 12:17
12:17 So 6 the dragon became enraged at the woman and went away to make war on the rest of her children, 7 those who keep 8 God’s commandments and hold to 9 the testimony about Jesus. 10 (12:18) And the dragon 11 stood 12 on the sand 13 of the seashore. 14
1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the result of the war in heaven.
2 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” because the clause it introduces is clearly resumptive.
3 tn Grk “saw.”
4 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
5 tn Grk “so that he might make her swept away.”
6 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the woman’s escape.
7 tn Grk “her seed” (an idiom for offspring, children, or descendants).
8 tn Or “who obey.”
9 tn Grk “and having.”
10 tn Grk “the testimony of Jesus,” which may involve a subjective genitive (“Jesus’ testimony”) or, more likely, an objective genitive (“testimony about Jesus”).
11 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the dragon) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
12 tc Grk ἐστάθη (estaqh, “he stood”). The reading followed by the translation is attested by the better mss (Ì47 א A C 1854 2344 2351 pc lat syh) while the majority of mss (051 Ï vgmss syph co) have the reading ἐστάθην (estaqhn, “I stood”). Thus, the majority of mss make the narrator, rather than the dragon of 12:17, the subject of the verb. The first person reading is most likely an assimilation to the following verb in 13:1, “I saw.” The reading “I stood” was introduced either by accident or to produce a smoother flow, giving the narrator a vantage point on the sea’s edge from which to observe the beast rising out of the sea in 13:1. But almost everywhere else in the book, the phrase καὶ εἶδον (kai eidon, “and I saw”) marks a transition to a new vision, without reference to the narrator’s activity. On both external and internal grounds, it is best to adopt the third person reading, “he stood.”
13 tn Or “sandy beach” (L&N 1.64).
14 sn The standard critical texts of the Greek NT, NA27 and UBS4, both include this sentence as 12:18, as do the RSV and NRSV. Other modern translations like the NASB and NIV include the sentence at the beginning of 13:1; in these versions chap. 12 has only 17 verses.