Psalms 58:4

58:4 Their venom is like that of a snake,

like a deaf serpent that does not hear,

Psalms 140:3

140:3 Their tongues wound like a serpent;

a viper’s venom is behind their lips. (Selah)


tn Heb “[there is] venom to them according to the likeness of venom of a snake.”

tn Or perhaps “cobra” (cf. NASB, NIV). Other suggested species of snakes are “asp” (NEB) and “adder” (NRSV).

tn Heb “[that] stops up its ear.” The apparent Hiphil jussive verbal form should be understood as a Qal imperfect with “i” theme vowel (see GKC 168 §63.n).

tn Heb “they sharpen their tongue like a serpent.” Ps 64:3 reads, “they sharpen their tongues like sword.” Perhaps Ps 140:3 uses a mixed metaphor, the point being that “they sharpen their tongues [like a sword],” as it were, so that when they speak, their words wound like a serpent’s bite. Another option is that the language refers to the pointed or forked nature of a serpent’s tongue, which is viewed metaphorically as “sharpened.”

tn The Hebrew term is used only here in the OT.

tn Heb “under.”