1 tn The construction is the same in the preceding verse.
2 tn “Only” is supplied to reflect the contrast between the two verses.
3 tn The construction in this half of the verse uses two vav (ו) consecutive clauses. The first is subordinated to the second as a temporal clause: “when…then….”
4 tn The form is intensified by the infinitive absolute, but here the infinitive strengthens not simply the verbal idea but the conditional cause construction as well.
5 sn The expression must indicate that they could destroy the enemies as easily as they could eat bread.
6 tn Heb “their shade.” The figure compares the shade from the sun with the protection from the enemy. It is also possible that the text is alluding to their deities here.
7 tn Heb “seed.”
8 sn It is Moses and Aaron who prostrate themselves; they have the good of the people at heart.
9 tn The expression “the God of the spirits of all humanity [flesh]” is somewhat difficult. The Hebrew text says אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל־בָּשָׂר (’elohey harukhot lÿkhol-basar). This expression occurs in Num 27:16 again. It also occurs in some postbiblical texts, a fact which has prompted some scholars to conclude that it is a late addition. The words clearly show that Moses is interceding for the congregation. The appeal in the verse is that it is better for one man to die for the whole nation than the whole nation for one man (see also John 11:50).
10 tn The verb is the Qal imperfect יֶחֱטָא (yekheta’); it refers to the sinful rebellion of Korah, but Moses is stating something of a principle: “One man sins, and will you be angry….” A past tense translation would assume that this is a preterite use of the imperfect (without vav [ו] consecutive).
11 tn Heb “and why.”
12 tn Here also the infinitive construct (Hiphil) forms the subordinate clause of the preceding interrogative clause.
13 tn The Hebrew text uses singular pronouns, “I” and “my,” but it is the people of Israel that are intended, and so it may be rendered in the plural. Similarly, Edom speaks in the first person, probably from the king. But it too could be rendered “we.”
14 tn The imperfect tense here can be given the nuance of permission.
15 tn The Hebrew word order is a little more emphatic than this: “but only the word which I speak to you, it you shall speak.”
16 tn The verb is אוּכַל (’ukhal) in a question – “am I able?” But emphasizing this is the infinitive absolute before it. So Balaam is saying something like, “Can I really say anything?”
17 tn The Piel infinitive construct (without the preposition) serves as the object of the verb “to be able.” The whole question is rhetorical – he is saying that he will not be able to say anything God does not allow him to say.
18 tn The imperfect tense is here taken as an obligatory imperfect.
19 tn Heb “the word that.”
20 tn The idiom again is “let them be for wives for….”
21 tn Heb “to the one who is good in their eyes.”