Luke 3:18

3:18 And in this way, ¹  with many other exhortations, John ²  proclaimed good news to the people.

Luke 3:20

3:20 Herod added this to them all: He locked up John in prison.

Luke 6:14

6:14 Simon ³  (whom he named Peter), and his brother Andrew; and James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, ⁴ 

Luke 20:4

20:4 John’s baptism ⁵  – was it from heaven or from people?” ⁶ 

Luke 22:8

22:8 Jesus ⁷  sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and prepare the Passover ⁸  for us to eat.” ⁹ 

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¹ tn On construction μὲν οὖν καί (men oun kai), see BDF §451.1.

² tn Grk “he”; the referent (John) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

³ sn In the various lists of the twelve, Simon (that is, Peter) is always mentioned first (Matt 10:1-4; Mark 3:16-19; Acts 1:13) and the first four are always the same, though not in the same order after Peter.

⁴ sn Bartholomew (meaning “son of Tolmai” in Aramaic) could be another name for Nathanael mentioned in John 1:45.

⁵ sn John, like Jesus, was not a part of the official rabbinic order. So the question “John’s baptism – was it from heaven or from men?” draws an analogy between John the Baptist and Jesus. See Luke 3:1-20; 7:24-27. The phrase John’s baptism refers to the baptism practiced by John.

⁶ tn The plural Greek term ἀνθρώπων (anqrwpwn) is used here (and in v. 6) in a generic sense, referring to both men and women (cf. NAB, NRSV, “of human origin”; TEV, “from human beings”; NLT, “merely human”).

sn The question is whether John’s ministry was of divine or human origin.

⁷ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁸ sn This required getting a suitable lamb and finding lodging in Jerusalem where the meal could be eaten. The population of the city swelled during the feast, so lodging could be difficult to find. The Passover was celebrated each year in commemoration of the Israelites’ deliverance from Egypt; thus it was a feast celebrating redemption (see Exod 12). The Passover lamb was roasted and eaten after sunset in a family group of at least ten people (m. Pesahim 7.13). People ate the meal while reclining (see the note on table in 22:14). It included, besides the lamb, unleavened bread and bitter herbs as a reminder of Israel’s bitter affliction at the hands of the Egyptians. Four cups of wine mixed with water were also used for the meal. For a further description of the meal and the significance of the wine cups, see E. Ferguson, Backgrounds of Early Christianity, 523-24.

⁹ tn Grk “for us, so that we may eat.”