John 6:54

6:54 The one who eats ¹  my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day. ² 

John 7:17

7:17 If anyone wants to do God’s will, ³  he will know about my teaching, whether it is from God or whether I speak from my own authority. ⁴ 

John 8:31

Abraham’s Children and the Devil’s Children

8:31 Then Jesus said to those Judeans ⁵  who had believed him, “If you continue to follow my teaching, ⁶  you are really ⁷  my disciples

John 8:54

8:54 Jesus replied, ⁸  “If I glorify myself, my glory is worthless. ⁹  The one who glorifies me is my Father, about whom you people ¹⁰  say, ‘He is our God.’

John 10:29

10:29 My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all, ¹¹  and no one can snatch ¹²  them from my Father’s hand.

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¹ tn Or “who chews”; Grk ὁ τρώγων (Jo trwgwn). The alternation between ἐσθίω (esqiw, “eat,” v. 53) and τρώγω (trwgw, “eats,” vv. 54, 56, 58; “consumes,” v. 57) may simply reflect a preference for one form over the other on the author’s part, rather than an attempt to express a slightly more graphic meaning. If there is a difference, however, the word used here (τρώγω) is the more graphic and vivid of the two (“gnaw” or “chew”).

² sn Notice that here the result (has eternal life and I will raise him up at the last day) is produced by eating (Jesus’) flesh and drinking his blood. Compare John 6:40 where the same result is produced by “looking on the Son and believing in him.” This suggests that the phrase here (eats my flesh and drinks my blood) is to be understood by the phrase in 6:40 (looks on the Son and believes in him).

³ tn Grk “his will.”

⁴ tn Grk “or whether I speak from myself.”

⁵ tn Grk “to the Jews.” In NT usage the term ᾿Ιουδαῖοι (Ioudaioi) may refer to the entire Jewish people, the residents of Jerusalem and surrounding territory (i.e., “Judeans”), the authorities in Jerusalem, or merely those who were hostile to Jesus. (For further information see R. G. Bratcher, “‘The Jews’ in the Gospel of John,” BT 26 [1975]: 401-9; also BDAG 479 s.v. ᾿Ιουδαῖος 2.e.) Here the phrase refers to the Jewish people in Jerusalem who had been listening to Jesus’ teaching in the temple and had believed his claim to be the Messiah, hence, “those Judeans who had believed him.” The term “Judeans” is preferred here to the more general “people” because the debate concerns descent from Abraham (v. 33).

⁶ tn Grk “If you continue in my word.”

⁷ tn Or “truly.”

⁸ tn Grk “Jesus answered.”

⁹ tn Grk “is nothing.”

¹⁰ tn The word “people” is not in the Greek text, but is supplied in English to clarify the plural Greek pronoun and verb.

¹¹ tn Or “is superior to all.”

¹² tn Or “no one can seize.”