Jeremiah 32:28-31

32:28 Therefore I, the Lord, say: 1  ‘I will indeed hand 2  this city over to King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon and the Babylonian army. 3  They will capture it. 32:29 The Babylonian soldiers 4  that are attacking this city will break into it and set it on fire. They will burn it down along with the houses where people have made me angry by offering sacrifices to the god Baal and by pouring out drink offerings to other gods on their rooftops. 5  32:30 This will happen because the people of Israel and Judah have repeatedly done what displeases me 6  from their earliest history until now 7  and because they 8  have repeatedly made me angry by the things they have done. 9  I, the Lord, affirm it! 10  32:31 This will happen because 11  the people of this city have aroused my anger and my wrath since the time they built it until now. 12  They have made me so angry that I am determined to remove 13  it from my sight.

1 tn Heb “Thus says the Lord.” However, the speech has already been introduced as first person. So the first person style has been retained for smoother narrative style.

2 tn Heb “Behold, I will give this city into the hand of…”

3 tn Heb “The Chaldeans.” See the study note on 21:4 for further explanation.

4 tn Heb “The Chaldeans.” See the study note on 21:4 for further explanation.

5 sn Compare Jer 19:13.

6 tn Heb “that which is evil in my eyes.” For this idiom see BDB 744 s.v. עַיִן 3.c and compare usage in 18:10.

7 tn Heb “from their youth.”

sn Compare Jer 3:24-25; 11:21. The nation is being personified and reference is made to her history from the time she left Egypt onward (cf. 2:2).

8 tn Heb “the people of Israel.” However, since “people of Israel” has been used in the preceding line for the northern kingdom as opposed to the kingdom of Judah, it might lead to confusion to translate literally. Moreover, the pronoun “they” accomplishes the same purpose.

9 tn Heb “by the work of their hands.” See the translator’s note on 25:6 and the parallelism in 25:14 for this rendering rather than referring it to the making of idols as in 1:16; 10:3.

10 tn Heb “Oracle of the Lord.”

11 tn The statements in vv. 28-29 regarding the certain destruction of the city are motivated by three parallel causal clauses in vv. 30a, b, 31, the last of which extends through subordinate and coordinate clauses until the end of v. 35. An attempt has been made to bring out this structure by repeating the idea “This/it will happen” in front of each of these causal clauses in the English translation.

12 tn Heb “from the day they built it until this day.”

sn The Israelites did not in fact “build” Jerusalem. They captured it from the Jebusites in the time of David. This refers perhaps to the enlarging and fortifying of the city after it came into the hands of the Israelites (2 Sam 5:6-10).

13 tn Heb “For this city has been to me for a source of my anger and my wrath from the day they built it until this day so as remove it.” The preposition ְל (lamed) with the infinitive (Heb “so as to remove it”; לַהֲסִירָהּ, lahasirah) expresses degree (cf. R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, 37, §199, and compare usage in 2 Sam 13:2).