Isaiah 22:20

22:20 “At that time I will summon my servant Eliakim, son of Hilkiah.

Isaiah 26:4

26:4 Trust in the Lord from this time forward,

even in Yah, the Lord, an enduring protector!

Isaiah 54:7

54:7 “For a short time I abandoned you,

but with great compassion I will gather you.

Isaiah 63:4

63:4 For I looked forward to the day of vengeance,

and then payback time arrived.


tn Or “in that day.” The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.

tn Or “forevermore.” For other uses of the phrase עֲדֵי־עַד (’ade-ad) see Isa 65:18 and Pss 83:17; 92:7.

tc The Hebrew text has “for in Yah, the Lord, an everlasting rock.” Some have suggested that the phrase בְּיָהּ (beyah, “in Yah”) is the result of dittography. A scribe seeing כִּי יְהוָה (ki yÿhvah) in his original text would somehow have confused the letters and accidentally inserted בְּיָהּ between the words (bet and kaf [ב and כ] can be confused in later script phases). A number of English versions retain both divine names for emphasis (ESV, NIV, NKJV, NRSV, NLT). One of the Qumran texts (1QIsaa) confirms the MT reading as well.

tn Or “forsook” (NASB).

tn Heb “for the day of vengeance was in my heart, and the year of my revenge came.” The term גְּאוּלַי (gÿulai) is sometimes translated here “my redemption,” for the verbal root גאל often means “deliver, buy back.” A גֹּאֵל (goel, “kinsman-redeemer”) was responsible for protecting the extended family’s interests, often by redeeming property that had been sold outside the family. However, the responsibilities of a גֹּאֵל extended beyond financial concerns. He was also responsible for avenging the shed blood of a family member (see Num 35:19-27; Deut 19:6-12). In Isa 63:4, where vengeance is a prominent theme (note the previous line), it is probably this function of the family protector that is in view. The Lord pictures himself as a blood avenger who waits for the day of vengeance to arrive and then springs into action.