14:13 You said to yourself, 1
“I will climb up to the sky.
Above the stars of El 2
I will set up my throne.
I will rule on the mountain of assembly
on the remote slopes of Zaphon. 3
49:21 Then you will think to yourself, 4
‘Who bore these children for me?
I was bereaved and barren,
dismissed and divorced. 5
Who raised these children?
Look, I was left all alone;
where did these children come from?’”
51:9 Wake up! Wake up!
Clothe yourself with strength, O arm of the Lord! 6
Wake up as in former times, as in antiquity!
Did you not smash 7 the Proud One? 8
Did you not 9 wound the sea monster? 10
52:1 Wake up! Wake up!
Clothe yourself with strength, O Zion!
Put on your beautiful clothes,
O Jerusalem, 11 holy city!
For uncircumcised and unclean pagans
will no longer invade you.
63:14 Like an animal that goes down into a valley to graze, 12
so the Spirit of the Lord granted them rest.
In this way 13 you guided your people,
gaining for yourself an honored reputation. 14
65:5 They say, ‘Keep to yourself!
Don’t get near me, for I am holier than you!’
These people are like smoke in my nostrils,
like a fire that keeps burning all day long.
1 tn Heb “you, you said in your heart.”
2 sn In Canaanite mythology the stars of El were astral deities under the authority of the high god El.
3 sn Zaphon, the Canaanite version of Olympus, was the “mountain of assembly” where the gods met.
4 tn Heb “and you will say in your heart.”
5 tn Or “exiled and thrust away”; NIV “exiled and rejected.”
6 tn The arm of the Lord is a symbol of divine military power. Here it is personified and told to arouse itself from sleep and prepare for action.
7 tn Heb “Are you not the one who smashed?” The feminine singular forms agree grammatically with the feminine noun “arm.” The Hebrew text has ַהמַּחְצֶבֶת (hammakhtsevet), from the verbal root חָצַב (khatsav, “hew, chop”). The Qumran scroll 1QIsaa has, probably correctly, המחצת, from the verbal root מָחַץ (makhats, “smash”) which is used in Job 26:12 to describe God’s victory over “the Proud One.”
8 tn This title (רַהַב, rahav, “proud one”) is sometimes translated as a proper name: “Rahab” (cf. NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV). It is used here of a symbolic sea monster, known elsewhere in the Bible and in Ugaritic myth as Leviathan. This sea creature symbolizes the forces of chaos that seek to destroy the created order. In the Bible “the Proud One” opposes God’s creative work, but is defeated (see Job 26:12; Ps 89:10). Here the title refers to Pharaoh’s Egyptian army that opposed Israel at the Red Sea (see v. 10, and note also Isa 30:7 and Ps 87:4, where the title is used of Egypt).
9 tn The words “did you not” are understood by ellipsis (note the preceding line). The rhetorical questions here and in v. 10 expect the answer, “Yes, you certainly did!”
10 tn Hebrew תַּנִּין (tannin) is another name for the symbolic sea monster. See the note at 27:1. In this context the sea creature represents Egypt. See the note on the title “Proud One” earlier in this verse.
11 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
12 tn The words “to graze” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
13 tn Or “so” (KJV, ASV), or “thus” (NAB, NRSV).
14 tn Heb “making for yourself a majestic name.”