11:16 There will be a highway leading out of Assyria
for the remnant of his people, 10
just as there was for Israel,
when 11 they went up from the land of Egypt.
19:18 At that time five cities 13 in the land of Egypt will speak the language of Canaan and swear allegiance to the Lord who commands armies. One will be called the City of the Sun. 14 19:19 At that time there will be an altar for the Lord in the middle of the land of Egypt, as well as a sacred pillar 15 dedicated to the Lord at its border. 19:20 It 16 will become a visual reminder in the land of Egypt of 17 the Lord who commands armies. When they cry out to the Lord because of oppressors, he will send them a deliverer and defender 18 who will rescue them.
27:12 At that time 22 the Lord will shake the tree, 23 from the Euphrates River 24 to the Stream of Egypt. Then you will be gathered up one by one, O Israelites. 25
43:3 For I am the Lord your God,
the Holy One of Israel, 26 your deliverer.
I have handed over Egypt as a ransom price,
Ethiopia and Seba 27 in place of you.
1 tn Or “in that day” (KJV). The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
2 tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonai).
3 tc The Hebrew text reads, “the sovereign master will again, a second time, his hand.” The auxiliary verb יוֹסִיף (yosif), which literally means “add,” needs a main verb to complete it. Consequently many emend שֵׁנִית (shenit, “a second time”) to an infinitive. Some propose the form שַׁנֹּת (shannot, a Piel infinitive construct from שָׁנָה, shanah) and relate it semantically to an Arabic cognate meaning “to be high.” If the Hebrew text is retained a verb must be supplied. “Second time” would allude back to the events of the Exodus (see vv. 15-16).
4 tn Or “acquire”; KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV “recover.”
5 tn Heb “the remnant of his people who remain.”
6 sn Perhaps a reference to Upper (i.e., southern) Egypt (so NIV, NLT; NCV “South Egypt”).
7 tn Or “Ethiopia” (NAB, NRSV, NLT).
8 tn Or “Babylonia” (NIV, NCV, TEV, NLT).
9 tn Or perhaps, “the islands of the sea.”
10 tn Heb “and there will be a highway for the remnant of his people who remain, from Assyria.”
11 tn Heb “in the day” (so KJV).
12 tn Heb “and the land of Judah will become [a source of] shame to Egypt, everyone to whom one mentions it [i.e., the land of Judah] will fear because of the plan of the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts] which he is planning against him.”
13 sn The significance of the number “five” in this context is uncertain. For a discussion of various proposals, see J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:376-77.
14 tc The Hebrew text has עִיר הַהֶרֶס (’ir haheres, “City of Destruction”; cf. NASB, NIV) but this does not fit the positive emphasis of vv. 18-22. The Qumran scroll 1QIsaa and some medieval Hebrew
15 tn This word is sometimes used of a sacred pillar associated with pagan worship, but here it is associated with the worship of the Lord.
16 tn The masculine noun מִזְבֵּחַ (mizbbeakh, “altar”) in v. 19 is probably the subject of the masculine singular verb הָיָה (hayah) rather than the feminine noun מַצֵּבָה (matsevah, “sacred pillar”), also in v. 19.
17 tn Heb “a sign and a witness to the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts] in the land of Egypt.”
18 tn רָב (rav) is a substantival participle (from רִיב, riv) meaning “one who strives, contends.”
19 tn Heb “which the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts] will bless [it], saying.” The third masculine singular suffix on the form בֵּרֲכוֹ (berakho) should probably be emended to a third feminine singular suffix בֵּרֲכָהּ (berakhah), for its antecedent would appear to be the feminine noun אֶרֶץ (’erets, “earth”) at the end of v. 24.
20 tn Or “my inheritance” (NAB, NASB, NIV).
21 tn Heb “lightly dressed and barefoot, and bare with respect to the buttocks, the nakedness of Egypt.”
22 tn Heb “and it will be in that day.” The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
23 tn Heb “the Lord will beat out.” The verb is used of beating seeds or grain to separate the husk from the kernel (see Judg 6:11; Ruth 2:17; Isa 28:27), and of beating the olives off the olive tree (Deut 24:20). The latter metaphor may be in view here, where a tree metaphor has been employed in the preceding verses. See also 17:6.
24 tn Heb “the river,” a frequent designation in the OT for the Euphrates. For clarity most modern English versions substitute the name “Euphrates” for “the river” here.
25 sn The Israelites will be freed from exile (likened to beating the olives off the tree) and then gathered (likened to collecting the olives).
26 sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.
27 sn Seba is not the same as Sheba in southern Arabia; cf. Gen 1:10; 1 Chr 1:9.