Genesis 4:22

4:22 Now Zillah also gave birth to Tubal-Cain, who heated metal and shaped¹ all kinds of tools made of bronze and iron. The sister of Tubal-Cain was Naamah.

Genesis 20:5

20:5 Did Abraham² not say to me, ‘She is my sister’? And she herself said,³ ‘He is my brother.’ I have done this with a clear conscience⁴ and with innocent hands!”

Genesis 26:9

26:9 So Abimelech summoned Isaac and said, “She is really⁵ your wife! Why did you say, ‘She is my sister’?” Isaac replied, “Because I thought someone might kill me to get her.”⁶

Genesis 29:13

29:13 When Laban heard this news about Jacob, his sister’s son, he rushed out to meet him. He embraced him and kissed him and brought him to his house. Jacob⁷ told Laban how he was related to him.⁸

¹tn The traditional rendering here, “who forged” (or “a forger of”) is now more commonly associated with counterfeit or fraud (e.g., “forged copies” or “forged checks”) than with the forging of metal. The phrase “heated metal and shaped [it]” has been used in the translation instead.

²tn Heb “he”; the referent has been specified in the translation for clarity.

³tn Heb “and she, even she.”

⁴tn Heb “with the integrity of my heart.”

⁵tn Heb “Surely, look!” See N. H. Snaith, “The meaning of Hebrew ‘ak,” VT 14 (1964): 221-25.

⁶tn Heb “Because I said, ‘Lest I die on account of her.’” Since the verb “said” probably means “said to myself” (i.e., “thought”) here, the direct discourse in the Hebrew statement has been converted to indirect discourse in the translation. In addition the simple prepositional phrase “on account of her” has been clarified in the translation as “to get her” (cf. v. 7).

⁷tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jacob) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁸tn Heb “and he told to Laban all these things.” This might mean Jacob told Laban how he happened to be there, but Laban’s response (see v. 14) suggests “all these things” refers to what Jacob had previously told Rachel (see v. 12).