2:11 But when Cephas 3 came to Antioch, 4 I opposed him to his face, because he had clearly done wrong. 5
4:13 But you know it was because of a physical illness that I first proclaimed the gospel to you,
1 tc ‡ Several important witnesses have ὁ θεός (Jo qeos) after εὐδόκησεν (eudokhsen; so א A D Ψ 0278 33 1739 1881 Ï co) while the shorter reading is supported by Ì46 B F G 629 1505 pc lat. There is hardly any reason why scribes would omit the words (although the Beatty papyrus and the Western text do at times omit words and phrases), but several reasons why scribes would add the words (especially the need to clarify). The confluence of witnesses for the shorter reading (including a few fathers and versions) adds strong support for its authenticity. It is also in keeping with Paul’s style to refrain from mentioning God by name as a rhetorical device (cf. ExSyn 437 [although this section deals with passive constructions, the principle is the same]). NA27 includes the words in brackets, indicating some doubts as to their authenticity.
2 tn Grk “from my mother’s womb.”
3 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211).
4 map For location see JP1-F2; JP2-F2; JP3-F2; JP4-F2.
5 tn Grk “because he stood condemned.”
6 tn Grk “the fullness of time” (an idiom for the totality of a period of time, with the implication of proper completion; see L&N 67.69).
7 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:11.
8 tn Grk “walk” (a common NT idiom for how one conducts one’s life or how one behaves).
9 tn On the term “flesh” (once in this verse and twice in v. 17) see the note on the same word in Gal 5:13.