25:8 “This is what the sovereign Lord says: ‘Moab 4 and Seir say, “Look, the house of Judah is like all the other nations.”
25:12 “This is what the sovereign Lord says: ‘Edom 5 has taken vengeance against the house of Judah; they have made themselves fully culpable 6 by taking vengeance 7 on them. 8
1 tn Heb “set your face toward.”
2 tn Heb “the sons of Ammon.” Ammon was located to the east of Israel.
3 tn Heb “with all your scorn in (the) soul.”
4 sn Moab was located immediately south of Ammon.
5 sn Edom was located south of Moab.
6 tn Heb “and they have become guilty, becoming guilty.” The infinitive absolute following the finite verb makes the statement emphatic and draws attention to the degree of guilt incurred by Edom due to its actions.
7 tn Heb “and they have taken vengeance.”
8 sn Edom apparently in some way assisted in the destruction of Jerusalem in 587/6