Ezekiel 16:59

16:59 “‘For this is what the sovereign Lord says: I will deal with you according to what you have done when you despised your oath by breaking your covenant.

Ezekiel 17:18-19

17:18 He despised the oath by breaking the covenant. Take note – he gave his promise and did all these things – he will not escape!

17:19 “‘Therefore this is what the sovereign Lord says: As surely as I live, I will certainly repay him for despising my oath and breaking my covenant!

Ezekiel 20:37

20:37 I will make you pass under the shepherd’s staff, and I will bring you into the bond of the covenant.

Ezekiel 30:5

30:5 Ethiopia, Put, Lud, all the foreigners, Libya, and the people of the covenant land will die by the sword along with them.


tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates being aware of or taking notice of something.

sn Heb “hand.” “Giving one’s hand” is a gesture of promise (2 Kgs 10:15).

tn Heb “place it on his head.”

tn This is the same Hebrew verb used to describe the passing of the children through the fire.

sn The metaphor may be based in Lev 27:32 (see also Jer 33:13; Matt 25:32-33). A shepherd would count his sheep as they passed beneath his staff.

tn The same expression appears in Exod 12:38; Jer 25:20; 50:37; Neh 13:3. It may refer to foreign mercenaries serving in the armies of the nations listed here.

tn Heb “sons.”

tn The expression “sons of the covenant land” possibly refers to Jews living in Egypt (Jer 44).