18:20 “But if any prophet presumes to speak anything in my name that I have not authorized 7 him to speak, or speaks in the name of other gods, that prophet must die.
32:22 For a fire has been kindled by my anger,
and it burns to lowest Sheol; 15
it consumes the earth and its produce,
and ignites the foundations of the mountains.
32:39 “See now that I, indeed I, am he!” says the Lord, 16
“and there is no other god besides me.
I kill and give life,
I smash and I heal,
and none can resist 17 my power.
1 tn Heb “in the midst of” (so ASV).
2 tn Heb “keep” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV).
3 sn Acacia wood (Heb “shittim wood”). This is wood from the acacia, the most common timber tree of the Sinai region. Most likely it is the species Acacia raddiana because this has the largest trunk. See F. N. Hepper, Illustrated Encyclopedia of Bible Plants, 63.
4 tn Heb “if hearing, you will hear.” The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute to emphasize the verbal idea. The translation renders this emphasis with the word “close.”
5 tn Again, the Hebrew term אָהַב (’ahav) draws attention to the reciprocation of divine love as a condition or sign of covenant loyalty (cf. Deut 6:5).
6 tn Heb “heart and soul” or “heart and being.” See note on the word “being” in Deut 6:5.
7 tn Or “commanded” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV).
8 tn Heb “the
9 tn Heb “the word,” but a predictive word is in view here. Cf. NAB “his oracle.”
10 tn Heb “does not happen or come to pass.”
11 tn Heb “the
12 tn Heb “that is the word which the Lord has not spoken.”
13 tn Heb “stiffness of neck” (cf. KJV, NAB, NIV). See note on the word “stubborn” in Deut 9:6.
14 tn Heb “How much more after my death?” The Hebrew text has a sarcastic rhetorical question here; the translation seeks to bring out the force of the question.
15 tn Or “to the lowest depths of the earth”; cf. NAB “to the depths of the nether world”; NIV “to the realm of death below”; NLT “to the depths of the grave.”
sn Sheol refers here not to hell and hell-fire – a much later concept – but to the innermost parts of the earth, as low down as one could get. The parallel with “the foundations of the mountains” makes this clear (cf. Pss 9:17; 16:10; 139:8; Isa 14:9, 15; Amos 9:2).
16 tn Verses 39-42 appear to be a quotation of the
17 tn Heb “deliver from” (so NRSV, NLT).