18:20 “But if any prophet presumes to speak anything in my name that I have not authorized 19 him to speak, or speaks in the name of other gods, that prophet must die.
28:15 “But if you ignore 28 the Lord your God and are not careful to keep all his commandments and statutes I am giving you today, then all these curses will come upon you in full force: 29
28:25 “The Lord will allow you to be struck down before your enemies; you will attack them from one direction but flee from them in seven directions and will become an object of terror 30 to all the kingdoms of the earth.
32:15 But Jeshurun 33 became fat and kicked,
you 34 got fat, thick, and stuffed!
Then he deserted the God who made him,
and treated the Rock who saved him with contempt.
1 sn Horites. Most likely these are the same as the well-known people of ancient Near Eastern texts described as Hurrians. They were geographically widespread and probably non-Semitic. Genesis speaks of them as the indigenous peoples of Edom that Esau expelled (Gen 36:8-19, 31-43) and also as among those who confronted the kings of the east (Gen 14:6).
2 tn Most modern English versions, beginning with the ASV (1901), regard vv. 10-12 as parenthetical to the narrative.
3 tn Heb “them”; the referent (the Rephaites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
4 tn Heb “them”; the referent (the Ammonites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
5 tc The translation follows the LXX in reading the first person pronoun. The MT, followed by many English versions, has a second person masculine singular pronoun, “your.”
6 tn Heb “hardened his spirit” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV); NIV “made his spirit stubborn.”
7 tn Heb “made his heart obstinate” (so KJV, NASB); NRSV “made his heart defiant.”
8 tn Heb “into your hand.”
9 tn Heb “the
10 tn Heb “much to you” (an idiom).
11 tn Heb “manna which you and your ancestors did not know.” By popular etymology the word “manna” comes from the Hebrew phrase מָן הוּא (man hu’), i.e., “What is it?” (Exod 16:15). The question remains unanswered to this very day. Elsewhere the material is said to be “white like coriander seed” with “a taste like honey cakes” (Exod 16:31; cf. Num 11:7). Modern attempts to associate it with various desert plants are unsuccessful for the text says it was a new thing and, furthermore, one that appeared and disappeared miraculously (Exod 16:21-27).
12 tn Heb “in order to make known to you.” In the Hebrew text this statement is subordinated to what precedes, resulting in a very long sentence in English. The translation makes this statement a separate sentence for stylistic reasons.
13 tn Heb “the man,” but in a generic sense, referring to the whole human race (“mankind” or “humankind”).
14 tn The Hebrew term may refer to “food” in a more general sense (cf. CEV).
15 sn Jesus quoted this text to the devil in the midst of his forty-day fast to make the point that spiritual nourishment is incomparably more important than mere physical bread (Matt 4:4; cf. Luke 4:4).
16 tn Heb “the Passover.” The translation uses a pronoun to avoid redundancy in English.
17 tc The MT reading אֶל (’el, “unto”) before “the place” should, following Smr, Syriac, Targums, and Vulgate, be omitted in favor of ב (bet; בַּמָּקוֹם, bammaqom), “in the place.”
18 tn Heb “the
19 tn Or “commanded” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV).
20 tn Heb “Who [is] the man.”
21 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation seeks to reflect with “be sure.”
22 tn Heb “deeds of things”; NRSV “makes up charges against her”; NIV “slanders her.”
23 tn Heb “brings against her a bad name”; NIV “gives her a bad name.”
24 tn Heb “drew near to her.” This is another Hebrew euphemism for having sexual relations.
25 sn For the continuation of these practices into NT times see Matt 12:1-8; Mark 2:23-28; Luke 6:1-5.
26 tn Heb “who rise up against” (so NIV).
27 tn Heb “way” (also later in this verse and in v. 25).
28 tn Heb “do not hear the voice of.”
29 tn Heb “and overtake you” (so NIV, NRSV); NAB, NLT “and overwhelm you.”
30 tc The meaningless MT reading זַעֲוָה (za’avah) is clearly a transposition of the more commonly attested Hebrew noun זְוָעָה (zÿva’ah, “terror”).
31 tn Heb “sons” (so NASB); KJV, ASV, NIV, NRSV “children.”
32 tn Heb “to the
33 tn To make the continuity of the referent clear, some English versions substitute “Jacob” here (NAB, NRSV) while others replace “Jeshurun” with “Israel” (NCV, CEV, NLT) or “the Lord’s people” (TEV).
sn Jeshurun is a term of affection derived from the Hebrew verb יָשַׁר (yashar, “be upright”). Here it speaks of Israel “in an ideal situation, with its ‘uprightness’ due more to God’s help than his own efforts” (M. Mulder, TDOT 6:475).
34 tc The LXX reads the third person masculine singular (“he”) for the MT second person masculine singular (“you”), but such alterations are unnecessary in Hebrew poetic texts where subjects fluctuate frequently and without warning.
35 tn Heb “seed” (so KJV, ASV).
36 tn The Hebrew text includes “with your eyes,” but this is redundant in English and is left untranslated.