Deuteronomy 1:4

1:4 This took place after the defeat ¹  of King Sihon ²  of the Amorites, whose capital was ³  in Heshbon, ⁴  and King Og of Bashan, whose capital was ⁵  in Ashtaroth, ⁶  specifically in Edrei. ⁷ 

Deuteronomy 1:25

1:25 Then they took ⁸  some of the produce of the land and carried it back down to us. They also brought a report to us, saying, “The land that the Lord our God is about to give us is good.”

Deuteronomy 3:14

3:14 Jair, son of Manasseh, took all the Argob region as far as the border with the Geshurites ⁹  and Maacathites ¹⁰  (namely Bashan) and called it by his name, Havvoth-Jair, ¹¹  which it retains to this very day.)

Deuteronomy 9:21

9:21 As for your sinful thing ¹²  that you had made, the calf, I took it, melted it down, ¹³  ground it up until it was as fine as dust, and tossed the dust into the stream that flows down the mountain.

Deuteronomy 32:11

32:11 Like an eagle that stirs up ¹⁴  its nest,

that hovers over its young,

so the Lord ¹⁵  spread out his wings and took him, ¹⁶ 

he lifted him up on his pinions.

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¹ tn Heb “when he struck [or “smote”].”

² sn See Deut 2:26–3:22.

³ tn Heb “who lived.”

⁴ sn Heshbon is probably modern Tell Hesban, about 7.5 mi (12 km) south southwest of Amman, Jordan.

⁵ tn Heb “who lived.”

⁶ sn Ashtaroth is probably Tell àAshtarah, about 22 mi (35 km) due east of the Sea of Galilee.

⁷ sn Edrei is probably modern Deràa, 60 mi (95 km) south of Damascus (see Num 21:33; Josh 12:4; 13:12, 31).

⁸ tn The Hebrew text includes “in their hand,” which is unnecessary and somewhat redundant in English style.

⁹ sn Geshurites. Geshur was a city and its surrounding area somewhere northeast of Bashan (cf. Josh 12:5 ; 13:11, 13). One of David’s wives was Maacah, the daughter of Talmai king of Geshur and mother of Absalom (cf. 2 Sam 13:37; 15:8; 1 Chr 3:2).

¹⁰ sn Maacathites. These were the people of a territory southwest of Mount Hermon on the Jordan River. The name probably has nothing to do with David’s wife from Geshur (see note on “Geshurites” earlier in this verse).

¹¹ sn Havvoth-Jair. The Hebrew name means “villages of Jair,” the latter being named after a son (i.e., descendant) of Manasseh who took the area by conquest.

¹² tn Heb “your sin.” This is a metonymy in which the effect (sin) stands for the cause (the metal calf).

¹³ tn Heb “burned it with fire.”

¹⁴ tn The prefixed verbal form is an imperfect, indicating habitual or typical behavior. The parallel verb (cf. “hovers” in the next line) is used in the same manner.

¹⁵ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁶ tn The form of the suffix on this and the following verb forms (cf. “lifted him up”) indicates that the verbs are preterites, not imperfects. As such they simply state the action factually. The use of the preterite here suggests that the preceding verb (cf. “spread out”) is preterite as well.