1 tn The elliptical Hebrew text reads literally “and the
2 tn Heb “fathers” (also in vv. 22, 31).
3 tn Heb “the River.” In biblical Hebrew this is a typical reference to the Euphrates River. The name “Euphrates” has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
4 tn Heb “because they made their Asherah poles that anger the
sn Asherah was a leading deity of the Canaanite pantheon, wife/sister of El and goddess of fertility. She was commonly worshiped at shrines in or near groves of evergreen trees, or, failing that, at places marked by wooden poles. These were to be burned or cut down (Deut 12:3; 16:21; Judg 6:25, 28, 30; 2 Kgs 18:4).
5 tn Heb “and he will give [up] Israel.”