Revelation 2:8

To the Church in Smyrna

2:8 “To the angel of the church in Smyrna write the following:

“This is the solemn pronouncement of the one who is the first and the last, the one who was dead, but came to life:


tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.

tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.

tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.

sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.

tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present between these two phrases.