Unit

• POS: Noun

CIDE DICTIONARY

Unit, n. [Abbrev. from unity.].

•  A single thing or person.  [1913 Webster]
•  The least whole number; one.  [1913 Webster]

  "Units are the integral parts of any large number."  [1913 Webster]
•  A gold coin of the reign of James I., of the value of twenty shillings.  Camden.  [1913 Webster]
•  Any determinate amount or quantity (as of length, time, heat, value) adopted as a standard of measurement for other amounts or quantities of the same kind.  [1913 Webster]
•  A single thing, as a magnitude or number, regarded as an undivided whole.  [1913 Webster]

Abstract unit, the unit of numeration; one taken in the abstract; the number represented by 1. The term is used in distinction from concrete, or determinate, unit, that is, a unit in which the kind of thing is expressed; a unit of measure or value; as 1 foot, 1 dollar, 1 pound, and the like. -- Complex unit (Theory of Numbers), an imaginary number of the form a + b-1, when a2 + b2 = 1. -- Duodecimal unit, a unit in the scale of numbers increasing or decreasing by twelves. -- Fractional unit, the unit of a fraction; the reciprocal of the denominator; thus, unit of the fraction -- Integral unit, the unit of integral numbers, or 1. -- Physical unit, a value or magnitude conventionally adopted as a unit or standard in physical measurements. The various physical units are usually based on given units of length, mass, and time, and on the density or other properties of some substance, for example, water. See Dyne, Erg, Farad, Ohm, Poundal, etc. -- Unit deme (Biol.), a unit of the inferior order or orders of individuality. -- Unit jar (Elec.), a small, insulated Leyden jar, placed between the electrical machine and a larger jar or battery, so as to announce, by its repeated discharges, the amount of electricity passed into the larger jar. -- Unit of heat (Physics), a determinate quantity of heat adopted as a unit of measure; a thermal unit (see under Thermal). Water is the substance generally employed, the unit being one gram or one pound, and the temperature interval one degree of the Centigrade or Fahrenheit scale. When referred to the gram, it is called the gram degree. The British unit of heat, or thermal unit, used by engineers in England and in the United States, is the quantity of heat necessary to raise one pound of pure water at and near its temperature of greatest density (39.1 Rankine. -- Unit of illumination, the light of a sperm candle burning 120 grains per hour. Standard gas, burning at the rate of five cubic feet per hour, must have an illuminating power equal to that of fourteen such candles. -- Unit of measure (as of length, surface, volume, dry measure, liquid measure, money, weight, time, and the like), in general, a determinate quantity or magnitude of the kind designated, taken as a standard of comparison for others of the same kind, in assigning to them numerical values, as 1 foot, 1 yard, 1 mile, 1 square foot, 1 square yard, 1 cubic foot, 1 peck, 1 bushel, 1 gallon, 1 cent, 1 ounce, 1 pound, 1 hour, and the like; more specifically, the fundamental unit adopted in any system of weights, measures, or money, by which its several denominations are regulated, and which is itself defined by comparison with some known magnitude, either natural or empirical, as, in the United States, the dollar for money, the pound avoirdupois for weight, the yard for length, the gallon of 8.3389 pounds avoirdupois of water at 39.8 -- Unit of power. (Mach.) See Horse power. -- Unit of resistance. (Elec.) See Resistance, n., 4, and Ohm. -- Unit of work (Physics), the amount of work done by a unit force acting through a unit distance, or the amount required to lift a unit weight through a unit distance against gravitation. See Erg, Foot Pound, Kilogrammeter. -- Unit stress (Mech. Physics), stress per unit of area; intensity of stress. It is expressed in ounces, pounds, tons, etc., per square inch, square foot, or square yard, etc., or in atmospheres, or inches of mercury or water, or the like.

OXFORD DICTIONARY

Unit, n.
1 a an individual thing, person, or group regarded as single and complete, esp. for purposes of calculation. b each of the (smallest) separate individuals or groups into which a complex whole may be analysed (the family as the unit of society).
2 a quantity chosen as a standard in terms of which other quantities may be expressed (unit of heat; SI unit; mass per unit volume).
3 Brit. the smallest share in a unit trust.
4 a device with a specified function forming part of a complex mechanism.
5 a piece of furniture for fitting with others like it or made of complementary parts.
6 a group with a special function in an organization.
7 a group of buildings, wards, etc., in a hospital.
8 the number 'one'.

Idiom

unit cell Crystallog. the smallest repeating group of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystal. unit cost the cost of producing one item of manufacture. unit-holder Brit. a person with a holding in a unit trust. unit price the price charged for each unit of goods supplied. unit trust Brit. an investment company investing combined contributions from many persons in various securities and paying them dividends in proportion to their holdings.

Etymology

L unus, prob. after DIGIT

THESAURUS

Unit

I, KP, abampere, abcoulomb, abfarad, abhenry, abohm, abvolt, ace, ampere, ampere-foot, ampere-hour, ampere-minute, an existence, army, army group, article, atom, atomic mass, atomic number, atomic weight, battalion, battery, battle group, being, body, brigade, cadre, carat, centigram, cohort, column, combat command, combat team, company, component, constituent, corps, coulomb, creature, critter, decagram, decigram, detachment, detail, division, dram, dram avoirdupois, dyne, element, entelechy, entity, farad, field army, field train, fighting force, file, firepower, flying column, force, forces, garrison, grain, gram, half-life, hands, henry, hundredweight, individual, integer, item, kilo, kilogram, kilovolt-ampere, kilowatt, kilowatt-hour, kitchen police, legion, life, maniple, mass, megacoulomb, megaton, megavolt, megawatt, megohm, men, mho, microhenry, micromho, micromicrofarad, microvolt, microwatt, milliampere, milligram, millihenry, millivolt, module, mole, monad, no other, none else, nothing else, nought beside, object, ohm, ohm-mile, one, one and only, organism, organization, ounce, ounce avoirdupois, ounce troy, outfit, part, pennyweight, person, persona, personality, personnel, phalanx, picofarad, piece, platoon, point, portion, posse, pound, pound avoirdupois, pound troy, poundal, quantum, rank, regiment, roentgen, scruple, section, segment, single, singleton, slug, something, soul, squad, squadron, statampere, statcoulomb, statfarad, statvolt, stone, tactical unit, task force, the big battalions, thing, ton, train, troop, troops, units, units of weight, valence, volt, volt-coulomb, volt-second, watt, watt-hour, weight, wing, work force

ROGET THESAURUS

Unit

Unity

N unity, oneness, individuality, solitude, isolation, unification, one, unit, ace, individual, none else, no other, one, sole, single, solitary, unitary, individual, apart, alone, kithless, unaccompanied, unattended, solus, single-handed, singular, odd, unique, unrepeated, azygous, first and last, isolated, insular, monospermous, unific, uniflorous, unifoliate, unigenital, uniliteral, unijocular, unimodal, unimodular, lone, lonely, lonesome, desolate, dreary, insecable, inseverable, indiscerptible, compact, indivisible, atomic, irresolvable, singly, alone, by itself, per se, only, apart, in the singular number, in the abstract, one by one, one at a time, simply, one and a half, sesqui-, natura il fece, e poi roppe la stampa, du fort au faible, two souls with but a single thought, two hearts that beat as one.