Sum

• POS: Noun, Verb (usu participle)

CIDE DICTIONARY

Sum, n. [OE. summe, somme, OF. sume, some, F. somme, L. summa, fr. summus highest, a superlative from sub under. See Sub-, and cf. Supreme.].

•  The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or particulars added together; as, the sum of 5 and 7 is 12.  [1913 Webster]

  " Sum is now commonly applied to an aggregate of numbers, and number to an aggregate of persons or things."  [1913 Webster]

  "Take ye the sum of all the congregation."  [1913 Webster]
•  A quantity of money or currency; any amount, indefinitely; as, a sum of money; a small sum, or a large sum.  Chaucer.  [1913 Webster]

  "With a great sum obtained I this freedom."  [1913 Webster]
•  The principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium; as, this is the sum of all the evidence in the case; this is the sum and substance of his objections.  [1913 Webster]
•  Height; completion; utmost degree.  [1913 Webster]

  "Thus have I told thee all my state, and brought
  My story to the sum of earthly bliss."  [1913 Webster]
•  A problem to be solved, or an example to be wrought out.  Macaulay.  [1913 Webster]

  "A sum in arithmetic wherein a flaw discovered at a particular point is ipso facto fatal to the whole."  [1913 Webster]

  "A large sheet of paper . . . covered with long sums."  [1913 Webster]

Algebraic sum, as distinguished from arithmetical sum, the aggregate of two or more numbers or quantities taken with regard to their signs, as + or -, according to the rules of addition in algebra; thus, the algebraic sum of -2, 8, and -1 is 5. -- In sum, in short; in brief. [Obs.] “In sum, the gospel . . . prescribes every virtue to our conduct, and forbids every sin.” Rogers.

Sum, v. t. [Cf. F. sommer, LL. summare.].

•  To bring together into one whole; to collect into one amount; to cast up, as a column of figures; to ascertain the totality of; -- usually with up.  [1913 Webster]

  "The mind doth value every moment, and then the hour doth rather sum up the moments, than divide the day."  [1913 Webster]
•  To bring or collect into a small compass; to comprise in a few words; to condense; -- usually with up.  [1913 Webster]

  "“Go to the ant, thou sluggard,” in few words sums up the moral of this fable."  [1913 Webster]

  "He sums their virtues in himself alone."  [1913 Webster]
•  To have (the feathers) full grown; to furnish with complete, or full-grown, plumage.  [1913 Webster]

  "But feathered soon and fledge
  They summed their pens [wings]."  [1913 Webster]

Summing up, a compendium or abridgment; a recapitulation; a résumé; a summary.

Syn. -- To cast up; collect; comprise; condense; comprehend; compute.

OXFORD DICTIONARY

Sum, n. & v.
--n.
1 the total amount resulting from the addition of two or more items, facts, ideas, feelings, etc. (the sum of two and three is five; the sum of their objections is this).
2 a particular amount of money (paid a large sum for it).
3 a an arithmetical problem (could not work out the sum). b (esp. pl.) colloq. arithmetic work, esp. at an elementary level (was good at sums).
--v.tr. (summed, summing) find the sum of.

Idiom

in sum in brief. summing-up
1 a review of evidence and a direction given by a judge to a jury.
2 a recapitulation of the main points of an argument, case, etc.
sum total = sense
1 of n.
sum up
1 (esp. of a judge) recapitulate or review the evidence in a case etc.
2 form or express an idea of the character of (a person, situation, etc.).
3 collect into or express as a total or whole.

Etymology

ME f. OF summe, somme f. L summa main part, fem. of summus highest

THESAURUS

Sum

account, add, add up, addend, affective meaning, aggregate, all, amount, amount of money, amplitude, batch, be-all and end-all, bearing, body, box score, budget, bulk, bunch, cast, cast up, chunk, cipher up, clutch, coloring, compute, condense, connotation, consequence, core, count, count up, deal, denotation, detail, difference, digest, dose, drift, effect, entirety, entity, epitome, essence, extension, extent, figure, figure up, foot, foot up, force, gist, gob, grammatical meaning, grand total, gross, gross amount, group, heap, hunk, idea, impact, implication, import, integral, integrate, intension, inventory, itemize, large amount, lexical meaning, literal meaning, lot, lump sum, magnitude, main point, mass, matter, meaning, measure, measurement, meat, mess, number, numbers, nutshell, overtone, pack, parcel, part, pertinence, pith, plus, plus sign, point, portion, practical consequence, product, purport, quantity, quantum, range of meaning, ration, real meaning, recap, recapitulate, recapitulation, recite, reckon up, reckoning, recount, reference, referent, rehearse, relate, relation, relevance, resume, round sum, run-through, rundown, scope, score, score up, semantic cluster, semantic field, sense, significance, signification, significatum, signifie, small amount, span of meaning, spirit, strength, structural meaning, structure, substance, subtotal, sum and substance, sum total, sum up, summarize, summary, summate, summation, summing-up, symbolic meaning, synopsize, system, tale, tally, tally up, tenor, the amount, the bottom line, the story, the whole story, tot, tot up, total, total up, totality, totality of associations, tote, tote up, transferred meaning, unadorned meaning, undertone, value, whole, whole amount, x number

ROGET THESAURUS

Sum

Quantity

N quantity, magnitude, size, amplitude, magnitude, mass, amount, sum, quantum, measure, substance, strength, force, mathematics, mathesis, category, general conception, universal predicament, armful, handful, mouthful, spoonful, capful, stock, batch, lot, dose, yaffle, quantitative, some, any, aught, more or less, a few, to the tune of, all of, a full, the sum of, fully, exactly, precisely.

Whole

N whole, totality, integrity, totalness, entirety, ensemble, collectiveness, unity, completeness, indivisibility, indiscerptibility, integration, embodiment, integer, all, the whole, total, aggregate, one and all, gross amount, sum, sum total, tout ensemble, length and breadth of, Alpha and Omega, be all and end all, complex, complexus, lock stock and barrel, bulk, mass, lump, tissue, staple, body, compages, trunk, torso, bole, hull, hulk, skeleton greater part, major part, best part, principal part, main part, essential part, lion's share, Benjamin's mess, the long and the short, nearly, all, almost all, whole, total, integral, entire, complete, one, individual, unbroken, intact, uncut, undivided, unsevered, unclipped, uncropped, unshorn, seamless, undiminished, undemolished, undissolved, undestroyed, unbruised, indivisible, indissoluble, indissolvable, indiscerptible, wholesale, sweeping, comprehensive, wholly, altogether, totally, entirely, all, all in all, as a whole, wholesale, in a body, collectively, all put together, in the aggregate, in the lump, in the mass, in the gross, in the main, in the long run, en masse, as a body, on the whole, bodily, en bloc, in extenso, throughout, every inch, substantially, tout bien ou rien.

Number

N number, symbol, numeral, figure, cipher, digit, integer, counter, round number, formula, function, series, sum, difference, complement, subtrahend, product, multiplicand, multiplier, multiplicator, coefficient, multiple, dividend, divisor, factor, quotient, submultiple, fraction, rational number, surd, irrational number, transcendental number, mixed number, complex number, complex conjugate, numerator, denominator, decimal, circulating decimal, repetend, common measure, aliquot part, prime number, prime, relative prime, prime factor, prime pair, reciprocal, totient, binary number, octal number, hexadecimal number, permutation, combination, variation, election, ratio, proportion, comparison, progression, arithmetical progression, geometrical progression, harmonical progression, percentage, permilage, figurate numbers, pyramidal numbers, polygonal numbers, power, root, exponent, index, logarithm, antilogarithm, modulus, base, differential, integral, fluxion, fluent, numeral, complementary, divisible, aliquot, reciprocal, prime, relatively prime, fractional, decimal, figurate, incommensurable, proportional, exponential, logarithmic, logometric, differential, fluxional, integral, totitive, positive, negative, rational, irrational, surd, radical, real, complex, imaginary, finite, infinite, impossible, numerically, modulo.

Numeration

VB number, count, tally, tell, call over, run over, take an account of, enumerate, muster, poll, recite, recapitulate, sum, sum up, cast up, tell off, score, cipher, compute, calculate, suppute, add, subtract, multiply, divide, extract roots, algebraize, check, prove, demonstrate, balance, audit, overhaul, take stock, affix numbers to, page, amount to, add up to, come to.

Money

N money, legal tender, money matters, money market, finance, accounts, funds, treasure, capital, stock, assets, wealth, supplies, ways and means, wherewithal, sinews of war, almighty dollar, needful, cash, mammon, dough, cabbage, money-like instruments, M, M, sum, amount, balance, balance sheet, sum total, proceeds, currency, circulating medium, specie, coin, piece, hard cash, cold cash, dollar, sterling coin, pounds shillings and pence, Ls, d, pocket, breeches pocket, purse, money in hand, cash at hand, ready money, ready cash, slug, wad wad of bills, wad of money, thick wad of bills, roll of dough, rhino, blunt, dust, mopus, tin, salt, chink, argent comptant, bottom dollar, buzzard dollar, checks, dibs, double eagle, eagle, Federal currency, fractional currency, postal currency, Federal Reserve Note, United States Note, silver certificate, gold certificate, long bit, short bit, moss, nickel, pile, pin money, quarter, red cent, roanoke, rock, seawan, seawant, thousand dollars, grand, single, one-dollar bill, two- dollar bill, five-dollar bill, fiver, fin, Lincoln, ten-dollar bill, sawbuck, twenty-dollar bill, Jackson, double sawbuck, fifty-dollar bill, hundred-dollar bill, C-note, penny, cent, Lincoln cent, indian head penny, copper, two-cent piece three-cent piece, half- dime, nickel, buffalo nickel, V nickel, dime, disme, mercury dime, quarter, two bits, half dollar, dollar, silver dollar, Eisenhower dollar, Susan B, Anthony dollar, precious metals, gold, silver, copper, bullion, ingot, nugget, petty cash, pocket money, change, small change, small coin, doit, stiver, rap, mite, farthing, sou, penny, shilling, tester, groat, guinea, rouleau, wampum, good sum, round sum, lump sum, power of money, plum, lac of rupees, major coin, crown, minor coin, monetarist, monetary theory, numismatics, chrysology, numismatist, paper money, greenback, major denomination, minor denomination, money order, postal money order, Post Office order, bank note, bond, bill, bill of exchange, order, warrant, coupon, debenture, exchequer bill, assignat, blueback, hundi, shinplaster, note, note of hand, promissory note, I O U, draft, check, cheque, back-dated check, negotiable order of withdrawal, NOW, remittance, credit, liability, drawer, drawee, obligor, obligee, moneyer, coiner, false money, bad money, base coin, flash note, slip, kite, fancy stocks, Bank of Elegance, argumentum ad crumenam, letter of credit, circulation, multiplier effect, inflation, double-digit inflation, hyperinflation, erosion of the currency, debasement of the currency, deflation, stagflation, exchange rate, rate of exchange, floating exchange rates, fixed rates, currency counter, currency exchange, bureau de change, gold-backed currency, gold standard, silver standard, bank account, savings account, checking account, money market account, NOW account, time deposit, deposit, demand deposit, super NOW account, certificate of deposit, CD, $, US$, Y, A$, Federal Reserve Bank, central bank, Federal Reserve Board, board of governors of the Federal Reserve, Treasury Department, Secret Service, mint, bureau of engraving, seigniorage, counterfeit, funny money, bogus money, (falsehood), interest, interest rate, discount rate, monetary, pecuniary, crumenal, fiscal, financial, sumptuary, numismatic, numismatical, sterling, nummary, barbarus ipse placet dummodo sit dives, but the jingling of the guinea helps the hurt that, Gelt regiert die Welt, money rules the world, money makes the world go round, nervos belli pecuniam infinitam, redet Geld so schweigt die Welt, money is the mother's milk of politics, money is the root of all evil, money isn't everything, as phony as a three-dollar bill, don't take any wooden nickels.