Philosophy

• POS: Noun
• HYPHEN: phi=los=o=phy

CIDE DICTIONARY

Philosophy, n. [OE. philosophie, F. philosophie, L. philosophia, from Gr. filosofi`a. See Philosopher.].

•  Literally, the love of, inducing the search after, wisdom; in actual usage, the knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, causes and reasons, powers and laws.  [1913 Webster]

  " When applied to any particular department of knowledge, philosophy denotes the general laws or principles under which all the subordinate phenomena or facts relating to that subject are comprehended. Thus philosophy, when applied to God and the divine government, is called theology; when applied to material objects, it is called physics; when it treats of man, it is called anthropology and psychology, with which are connected logic and ethics; when it treats of the necessary conceptions and relations by which philosophy is possible, it is called metaphysics."  [1913 Webster]

  " “Philosophy has been defined: -- the science of things divine and human, and the causes in which they are contained; -- the science of effects by their causes; -- the science of sufficient reasons; -- the science of things possible, inasmuch as they are possible; -- the science of things evidently deduced from first principles; -- the science of truths sensible and abstract; -- the application of reason to its legitimate objects; -- the science of the relations of all knowledge to the necessary ends of human reason; -- the science of the original form of the ego, or mental self; -- the science of science; -- the science of the absolute; -- the science of the absolute indifference of the ideal and real.”"  Sir W. Hamilton.  [1913 Webster]
•  A particular philosophical system or theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are explained.  [1913 Webster]

  "[Books] of Aristotle and his philosophie."  [1913 Webster]

  "We shall in vain interpret their words by the notions of our philosophy and the doctrines in our school."  [1913 Webster]
•  Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with philosophy.  [1913 Webster]

  "Then had he spent all his philosophy."  [1913 Webster]
•  Reasoning; argumentation.  [1913 Webster]

  "Of good and evil much they argued then, . . .
  Vain wisdom all, and false philosophy."  [1913 Webster]
•  The course of sciences read in the schools.  Johnson.  [1913 Webster]
•  A treatise on philosophy.  [1913 Webster]

Philosophy of the Academy, that of Plato, who taught his disciples in a grove in Athens called the Academy. -- Philosophy of the Garden, that of Epicurus, who taught in a garden in Athens. -- Philosophy of the Lyceum, that of Aristotle, the founder of the Peripatetic school, who delivered his lectures in the Lyceum at Athens. -- Philosophy of the Porch, that of Zeno and the Stoics; -- so called because Zeno of Citium and his successors taught in the porch of the Poicile, a great hall in Athens.

OXFORD DICTIONARY

Philosophy, n. (pl. -ies)
1 the use of reason and argument in seeking truth and knowledge of reality, esp. of the causes and nature of things and of the principles governing existence, the material universe, perception of physical phenomena, and human behaviour.
2 a a particular system or set of beliefs reached by this. b a personal rule of life.
3 advanced learning in general (doctor of philosophy).
4 serenity; calmness; conduct governed by a particular philosophy.

Etymology

ME f. OF filosofie f. L philosophia wisdom f. Gk (as PHILO-, sophos wise)

DEVIL DICTIONARY

Philosophy

n. A route of many roads leading from nowhere to nothing.

THESAURUS

Philosophy

Aristotelianism, Berkeleianism, Bradleianism, Buddha-like composure, Cynicism, Cyrenaic hedonism, Cyrenaicism, Epicureanism, Fichteanism, Hegelianism, Heideggerianism, Heracliteanism, Herbartianism, Humism, Kantianism, Leibnizianism, Marxism, Mimamsa, Neo-Hegelianism, Neo-Pythagoreanism, Neoplatonism, Newtonian physics, Oriental calm, Peripateticism, Platonism, Purva Mimamsa, Pyrrhonism, Pythagoreanism, Sankhya, Schellingism, Scotism, Socratism, Sophism, Sophistry, Spencerianism, Stoicism, Thomism, Weltanschauung, acosmism, acoustics, aerophysics, aesthetics, agnosticism, animalism, animatism, animism, aplomb, applied physics, astrophysics, atomism, attitude, basic conductor physics, biophysics, body of ideas, calm disposition, calm of mind, calmness, chemical physics, composure, control, cool, coolheadedness, coolness, cosmotheism, countenance, criticism, cryogenics, crystallography, cytophysics, deduction, deductive reasoning, deism, demonstration, dialectical materialism, discourse, discourse of reason, discursive reason, dispassion, dualism, easy mind, eclecticism, egoism, electron physics, electronics, electrophysics, empiricism, epistemology, equanimity, ethics, ethos, eudaemonism, existentialism, feeling, geophysics, hedonism, humanism, hylomorphism, hylotheism, hylozoism, icy calm, idea, idealism, ideology, immaterialism, imperturbability, imperturbation, indisturbance, individualism, induction, inductive reasoning, intuitionism, logic, logical thought, macrophysics, materialism, mathematical physics, mechanics, mechanism, medicophysics, mental composure, mentalism, metaphysics, microphysics, monism, mysticism, natural philosophy, natural science, naturalism, neocriticism, nominalism, notion, nuclear physics, ontologism, ontology, opinion, optics, optimism, organic mechanism, organicism, outlook, panpsychism, pantheism, patience, peace of mind, peacefulness, pessimism, philosophic composure, philosophicalness, physic, physical chemistry, physical science, physicalism, physicism, physicochemistry, physicomathematics, physics, placidity, pluralism, point of view, positivism, pragmaticism, pragmatism, proof, psychism, psychological hedonism, psychophysics, quiet, quiet mind, quietude, radiation physics, radionics, ratiocination, rationalism, rationality, rationalization, rationalizing, realism, reason, reasonableness, reasoning, resignation, restraint, sang-froid, sangfroid, secular humanism, self-control, self-possession, semiotic, semiotics, sensationalism, sentiment, serenity, skepticism, solar physics, solid-state physics, soothingness, sophistry, specious reasoning, statics, stereophysics, stoicism, substantialism, sweet reason, syncretism, system of ideas, system of theories, tenets, theism, theoretical physics, thermodynamics, thinking, thoughtfulness, tranquillity, transcendentalism, unruffledness, utilitarianism, viewpoint, voluntarism, world view, zoophysics

ROGET THESAURUS

Philosophy

Inexcitability

N inexcitability, imperturbability, inirritability, even temper, tranquil mind, dispassion, tolerance, patience, coolth, passiveness, hebetude, hebetation, impassibility, stupefaction, coolness, calmness, composure, placidity, indisturbance, imperturbation, sang froid, tranquility, serenity, quiet, quietude, peace of mind, mental calmness, staidness, gravity, sobriety, Quakerism, philosophy, equanimity, stoicism, command of temper, self-possession, self-control, self-command, self-restraint, ice water in one's veins, presence of mind, submission, resignation, sufferance, supportance, endurance, longsufferance, forbearance, longanimity, fortitude, patience of Job, patience on a monument, patience 'sovereign o'er transmuted ill', moderation, repression of feelings, subjugation of feeling, restraint, tranquillization, inexcitable, unexcitable, imperturbable, unsusceptible, unpassionate, dispassionate, cold-blooded, irritable, enduring, stoical, Platonic, philosophic, staid, stayed, sober, sober minded, grave, sober as a judge, grave as a judge, sedate, demure, cool-headed, easy-going, peaceful, placid, calm, quiet as a mouse, tranquil, serene, cool as a cucumber, cool as a custard, undemonstrative, temperate, composed, collected, unexcited, unstirred, unruffled, undisturbed, unperturbed, unimpassioned, unoffended, unresisting, meek, tolerant, patient, patient as Job, submissive, tame, content, resigned, chastened, subdued, lamblike, gentle as a lamb, suaviter in modo, mild as mothers milk, soft as peppermint, armed with patience, bearing with, clement, long-suffering, like patience on a monument smiling at grief, aequo animo, in cold blood, more in sorrow than in anger, Int, patience!, and shuffle the cards, cool calm and collected, keep calm in the midst of a storm, adversity's sweet milk, philosophy, mens aequa in arduis philosophia stemma non inspec, quo me cumque rapit tempestas deferor hospes, they also serve who only stand and wait, inexcitability, imperturbability, inirritability, even temper, tranquil mind, dispassion, tolerance, patience, coolth, passiveness, hebetude, hebetation, impassibility, stupefaction, coolness, calmness, composure, placidity, indisturbance, imperturbation, sang froid, tranquility, serenity, quiet, quietude, peace of mind, mental calmness, staidness, gravity, sobriety, Quakerism, philosophy, equanimity, stoicism, command of temper, self-possession, self-control, self-command, self-restraint, ice water in one's veins, presence of mind, submission, resignation, sufferance, supportance, endurance, longsufferance, forbearance, longanimity, fortitude, patience of Job, patience on a monument, patience 'sovereign o'er transmuted ill', moderation, repression of feelings, subjugation of feeling, restraint, tranquillization, inexcitable, unexcitable, imperturbable, unsusceptible, unpassionate, dispassionate, cold-blooded, irritable, enduring, stoical, Platonic, philosophic, staid, stayed, sober, sober minded, grave, sober as a judge, grave as a judge, sedate, demure, cool-headed, easy-going, peaceful, placid, calm, quiet as a mouse, tranquil, serene, cool as a cucumber, cool as a custard, undemonstrative, temperate, composed, collected, unexcited, unstirred, unruffled, undisturbed, unperturbed, unimpassioned, unoffended, unresisting, meek, tolerant, patient, patient as Job, submissive, tame, content, resigned, chastened, subdued, lamblike, gentle as a lamb, suaviter in modo, mild as mothers milk, soft as peppermint, armed with patience, bearing with, clement, long-suffering, like patience on a monument smiling at grief, aequo animo, in cold blood, more in sorrow than in anger, Int, patience!, and shuffle the cards, cool calm and collected, keep calm in the midst of a storm, adversity's sweet milk, philosophy, mens aequa in arduis philosophia stemma non inspec, quo me cumque rapit tempestas deferor hospes, they also serve who only stand and wait.

Knowledge

N knowledge, cognizance, cognition, cognoscence, acquaintance, experience, ken, privity, insight, familiarity, comprehension, apprehension, recognition, appreciation, intuition, conscience, consciousness, perception, precognition, acroamatics, light, enlightenment, glimpse, inkling, glimmer, glimmering, dawn, scent, suspicion, impression, discovery, system of knowledge, body of knowledge, science, philosophy, pansophy, acroama, theory, aetiology, etiology, circle of the sciences, pandect, doctrine, body of doctrine, cyclopedia, encyclopedia, school, tree of knowledge, republic of letters, erudition, learning, lore, scholarship, reading, letters, literature, book madness, book learning, bookishness, bibliomania, bibliolatry, information, general information, store of knowledge, education, culture, menticulture, attainments, acquirements, acquisitions, accomplishments, proficiency, practical knowledge, liberal education, dilettantism, rudiments, deep knowledge, profound knowledge, solid knowledge, accurate knowledge, acroatic knowledge, acroamatic knowledge, vast knowledge, extensive knowledge, encyclopedic knowledge, encyclopedic learning, omniscience, pantology, march of intellect, progress of science, advance of science, advance of learning, schoolmaster abroad, scholar, knowing, cognitive, acroamatic, aware of, cognizant of, conscious of, acquainted with, made acquainted with, privy to, no stranger to, au fait with, au courant, in the secret, up to, alive to, behind the scenes, behind the curtain, let into, apprized of, informed of, undeceived, proficient with, versed with, read with, forward with, strong with, at home in, conversant with, familiar with, erudite, instructed, leaned, lettered, educated, well conned, well informed, well read, well grounded, well educated, enlightened, shrewd, savant, blue, bookish, scholastic, solid, profound, deep-read, book- learned, accomplished, omniscient, self-taught, known, ascertained, well-known, recognized, received, notorious, noted, proverbial, familiar, familiar as household words, familiar to every schoolboy, hackneyed, trite, trivial, commonplace, cognoscible, cognizable, to one's knowledge, to the best of one's knowledge, one's eyes being opened, ompredre tout c'est tout pardonner, to know all is to pardon all, empta dolore docet experientia, gnothi seauton, half our knowledge we must snatch not take, Jahre lehren mehr als Bucher, years teach more than books, knowledge comes but wisdom lingers, knowledge is power, les affaires font les hommes, nec scire fas est omnia, the amassed thought and experience of innumerable, was ich nicht weiss macht mich nicht heiss.