Psalms 9:5

You terrified the nations with your battle cry; ¹  you destroyed the wicked; ²  you permanently wiped out all memory of them. ³ 

De 9:14; 1Sa 17:45-51; 1Sa 25:32; 1Sa 31:4; 2Sa 5:6-16; 2Sa 8:1-15; 2Sa 10:6-9; 2Sa 17:23; 2Sa 21:15-22; 2Sa 22:44-46; Ps 2:1,8,9; Ps 5:6; Ps 78:55; Ps 79:10; Ps 149:7; Pr 10:7; Pr 13:9; Mal 4:3; Re 19:15

¹ tn The verb גָּעַר (ga’ar) is often understood to mean “rebuke” and in this context taken to refer to the Lord’s “rebuke” of the nations. In some cases it is apparent that scolding or threatening is in view (see Gen 37:10; Ruth 2:16; Zech 3:2). However, in militaristic contexts this translation is inadequate, for the verb refers in this setting to the warrior’s battle cry, which terrifies and paralyzes the enemy. See A. Caquot, TDOT 3:53, and note the use of the verb in Pss 68:30; 106:9; and Nah 1:4, as well as the related noun in Job 26:11; Pss 18:15; 76:6; 104:7; Isa 50:2; 51:20; 66:15.

² tn The singular form is collective (note “nations” and “their name”). In the psalms the “wicked” (רְשָׁעִים, rÿsha’im) are typically proud, practical atheists (Ps 10:2, 4, 11) who hate God’s commands, commit sinful deeds, speak lies and slander (Ps 50:16-20), and cheat others (Ps 37:21). In this context the hostile nations who threaten Israel/Judah are in view.

³ tn Heb “their name you wiped out forever and ever.” The three perfect verbal forms in v. 5 probably refer to a recent victory (definite past or present perfect use), although they might express what is typical (characteristic use).