¹ tn Heb “the breaks of the City of David, you saw that they were many.”

¹ tn Heb “because the Lord broke out [with] breaking out [i.e., an outburst] against Uzzah.”

² tn Heb “he took with him seven hundred men, who drew the sword, to break through against.”

¹ tn Heb “When I break to you staff of bread” (KJV, ASV, and NASB all similar).

² sn See N. M. Waldham, “The Breaking of the Tablets,” Judaism 27 (1978): 442-47.

¹ tn The length of this sentence runs contrary to the normal policy followed in the translation of breaking up long sentences. However, there does not seem any way to break it up here without losing the connections.

⁴ sn The idea of breaking a bone uses the hardest and most firm part of the body in contrast to the “softness of the tongue.” Both are figurative, forming a comparison. A gentle speech can break down any stiff opposition.

³ tn Heb “breaks out”; NRSV “showing contempt for”; NLT “snarling at.” This individual breaks out in contention against sound judgment. He is in opposition to society (e.g., Prov 17:14; 20:3).

¹ tn Heb “break”; “make ineffectual.” Some prefer to emend אָפִיר (ʾafir; the Hiphil of פָּרַר, parar, “to break”) to אָסִיר (ʾasir; the Hiphil of סוּר, sur, “to turn aside”), a verb that appears in 2 Sam 7:15.

⁵ tn The verb פָּרַץ (parats) means “to break through.” It has the sense of abundant increase, as in breaking out, overflowing (see also Gen 30:30 and Exod 1:12).

¹ tn The verb יִפְרֹץ (yifrots) is the imperfect tense from פָּרַץ (parats, “to make a breach, to break through”). The image of Yahweh breaking forth on them means “work destruction” (see 2 Sam 6:8; S. R. Driver, Exodus, 174).

¹ tn BDAG 436 s.v. ἡμέρα 1.a has “day is breaking” for ἡμέρα γίνεται (hēmera ginetai) in this verse.

² sn The “fold” from which the sheep/people break out is probably a reference to their place of exile.

¹ tn Heb “they break out, and bloodshed touches bloodshed.” The Hebrew term פָּרַץ (parats, “to break out”) refers to violent and wicked actions (BDB 829 s.v. פָּרַץ 7; HALOT 972 s.v. פרץ 6.c). It is used elsewhere in a concrete sense to describe breaking through physical barriers. Here it is used figuratively to describe breaking moral barriers and restraints (cf. TEV “Crimes increase, and there is one murder after another”).

² tn Heb “I will break”; cf. NAB “I will destroy”; NCV “I will smash”; NLT “I will remove.”

¹ tn Heb, “break the staff of bread.” The bread supply is compared to a staff that one uses for support.

¹ tn Heb “I will break the yoke of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon from upon the necks of all the nations.”

¹ tn Heb “break my heart.” The “heart” is viewed here as the origin of the psalmist’s emotions.

¹ tn The verb means “nipped off,” as a potter breaks off a piece of clay when molding a vessel.

¹ tn Heb “because the Lord broke out [with] a breaking out [i.e., an outburst] against Uzzah.”