Discovery BoxGenesis 11:31 
Context11:31 Terah took his son Abram, his grandson Lot (the son of Haran), and his daughter-in-law Sarai, his son Abram’s wife, and with them he set out from Ur of the Chaldeans to go to Canaan. When they came to Haran, they settled there.
Genesis 19:34
Context19:34 So in the morning the older daughter 1 said to the younger, “Since I had sexual relations with my father last night, let’s make him drunk again tonight. 2 Then you go and have sexual relations with him so we can preserve our family line through our father.” 3
Genesis 34:7
Context34:7 Now Jacob’s sons had come in from the field when they heard the news. 4 They 5 were offended 6 and very angry because Shechem 7 had disgraced Israel 8 by sexually assaulting 9 Jacob’s daughter, a crime that should not be committed. 10
Genesis 38:11
Context38:11 Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, “Live as a widow in your father’s house until Shelah my son grows up.” For he thought, 11 “I don’t want him to die like his brothers.” 12 So Tamar went and lived in her father’s house.
Genesis 38:16
Context38:16 He turned aside to her along the road and said, “Come on! I want to have sex with you.” 13 (He did not realize 14 it was his daughter-in-law.) She asked, “What will you give me in exchange for having sex with you?” 15
1 tn Heb “the firstborn.”
2 tn Heb “Look, I lied down with my father. Let’s make him drink wine again tonight.”
3 tn Heb “And go, lie down with him and we will keep alive from our father descendants.”
4 tn Heb “when they heard.” The words “the news” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
5 tn Heb “the men.” This sounds as if a new group has been introduced into the narrative, so it has been translated as “they” to indicate that it refers to Jacob’s sons, mentioned in the first part of the verse.
6 tn The Hebrew verb עָצַב (’atsav) can carry one of three semantic nuances depending on the context: (1) “to be injured” (Ps 56:5; Eccl 10:9; 1 Chr 4:10); (2) “to experience emotional pain; to be depressed emotionally; to be worried” (2 Sam 19:2; Isa 54:6; Neh 8:10-11); (3) “to be embarrassed; to be insulted; to be offended” (to the point of anger at another or oneself; Gen 6:6; 45:5; 1 Sam 20:3, 34; 1 Kgs 1:6; Isa 63:10; Ps 78:40). This third category develops from the second by metonymy. In certain contexts emotional pain leads to embarrassment and/or anger. In this last use the subject sometimes directs his anger against the source of grief (see especially Gen 6:6). The third category fits best in Gen 34:7 because Jacob’s sons were not merely wounded emotionally. On the contrary, Shechem’s action prompted them to strike out in judgment against the source of their distress.
7 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Shechem) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
8 tn Heb “a disgraceful thing he did against Israel.”
9 tn Heb “by lying with the daughter of Jacob.” The infinitive here explains the preceding verb, indicating exactly how he had disgraced Jacob. The expression “to lie with” is a euphemism for sexual relations, or in this case, sexual assault.
10 tn Heb “and so it should not be done.” The negated imperfect has an obligatory nuance here, but there is also a generalizing tone. The narrator emphasizes that this particular type of crime (sexual assault) is especially reprehensible.
11 tn Heb “said.”
12 tn Heb “Otherwise he will die, also he, like his brothers.”
sn I don’t want him to die like his brothers. This clause explains that Judah had no intention of giving Shelah to Tamar for the purpose of the levirate marriage. Judah apparently knew the nature of his sons, and feared that God would be angry with the third son and kill him as well.
13 tn Heb “I will go to you.” The imperfect verbal form probably indicates his desire here. The expression “go to” is a euphemism for sexual intercourse.
14 tn Heb “for he did not know that.”
15 tn Heb “when you come to me.” This expression is a euphemism for sexual intercourse.
