Romans 5:16-18

5:16 And the gift is not like the one who sinned. ¹  For judgment, resulting from the one transgression, ²  led to condemnation, but ³  the gracious gift from the many failures ⁴  led to justification. 5:17 For if, by the transgression of the one man, ⁵  death reigned through the one, how much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life through the one, Jesus Christ!

5:18 Consequently, ⁶  just as condemnation ⁷  for all people ⁸  came ⁹  through one transgression, ¹⁰  so too through the one righteous act ¹¹  came righteousness leading to life ¹²  for all people.

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¹ tn Grk “and not as through the one who sinned [is] the gift.”

² tn The word “transgression” is not in the Greek text at this point, but has been supplied for clarity.

³ tn Greek emphasizes the contrast between these two clauses more than can be easily expressed in English.

⁴ tn Or “falls, trespasses,” the same word used in vv. 15, 17, 18, 20.

⁵ sn Here the one man refers to Adam (cf. 5:14).

⁶ tn There is a double connective here that cannot be easily preserved in English: “consequently therefore,” emphasizing the conclusion of what he has been arguing.

⁷ tn Grk “[it is] unto condemnation for all people.”

⁸ tn Here ἀνθρώπους (anqrwpou") has been translated as a generic (“people”) since both men and women are clearly intended in this context.

⁹ tn There are no verbs in the Greek text of v. 18, forcing translators to supply phrases like “came through one transgression,” “resulted from one transgression,” etc.

¹⁰ sn One transgression refers to the sin of Adam in Gen 3:1-24.

¹¹ sn The one righteous act refers to Jesus’ death on the cross.

¹² tn Grk “righteousness of life.”