Galatians 4:3

4:3 So also we, when we were minors, were enslaved under the basic forces of the world.

Galatians 4:1

4:1 Now I mean that the heir, as long as he is a minor, is no different from a slave, though he is the owner of everything.


tn See the note on the word “minor” in 4:1.

tn Or “basic principles,” “elemental things,” or “elemental spirits.” Some interpreters take this as a reference to supernatural powers who controlled nature and/or human fate.

tn Grk “a small child.” The Greek term νήπιος (nhpios) refers to a young child, no longer a helpless infant but probably not more than three or four years old (L&N 9.43). The point in context, though, is that this child is too young to take any responsibility for the management of his assets.

tn Grk “master” or “lord” (κύριος, kurios).