Romans 3:21

3:21 But now apart from the law the righteousness of God (which is attested by the law and the prophets) has been disclosed –

Romans 5:5

5:5 And hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out in our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us.

Romans 5:9

5:9 Much more then, because we have now been declared righteous by his blood, we will be saved through him from God’s wrath.

Romans 6:9

6:9 We know that since Christ has been raised from the dead, he is never going to die again; death no longer has mastery over him.

Romans 11:31

11:31 so they too have now been disobedient in order that, by the mercy shown to you, they too may now 10  receive mercy.

Romans 15:20

15:20 And in this way I desire to preach where Christ has not been named, so as not to build on another person’s foundation,

tn Νυνὶ δέ (Nuni de, “But now”) could be understood as either (1) logical or (2) temporal in force, but most recent interpreters take it as temporal, referring to a new phase in salvation history.

tn Grk “being witnessed by the law and the prophets,” a remark which is virtually parenthetical to Paul’s argument.

tn The phrase ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ θεοῦ (Jh agaph tou qeou, “the love of God”) could be interpreted as either an objective genitive (“our love for God”), subjective genitive (“God’s love for us”), or both (M. Zerwick’s “general” genitive [Biblical Greek, §§36-39]; D. B. Wallace’s “plenary” genitive [ExSyn 119-21]). The immediate context, which discusses what God has done for believers, favors a subjective genitive, but the fact that this love is poured out within the hearts of believers implies that it may be the source for believers’ love for God; consequently an objective genitive cannot be ruled out. It is possible that both these ideas are meant in the text and that this is a plenary genitive: “The love that comes from God and that produces our love for God has been poured out within our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us” (ExSyn 121).

sn On the OT background of the Spirit being poured out, see Isa 32:15; Joel 2:28-29.

tn Grk “having now been declared righteous.” The participle δικαιωθέντες (dikaiwqente") has been translated as a causal adverbial participle.

tn Or, according to BDF §219.3, “at the price of his blood.”

tn Grk “the wrath,” referring to God’s wrath as v. 10 shows.

tn Grk “knowing.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

tn The present tense here has been translated as a futuristic present (see ExSyn 536, where this verse is listed as an example).

10 tc Some important Alexandrian and Western mss (א B D*,c 1506 pc bo) read νῦν (nun, “now”) here. A few other mss (33 365 pc sa) have ὕστερον (Justeron, “finally”). mss that lack the word are Ì46 A D2 F G Ψ 1739 1881 Ï latt. External evidence slightly favors omission with good representatives from the major texttypes, and because of the alliance of Alexandrian and Byzantine mss (with the Byzantine going against its normal tendency to embrace the longer reading). Internally, scribes could have added νῦν here to give balance to the preceding clause (οὗτοι νῦν ἠπείθησαναὐτοὶ νῦν ἐλεηθῶσιν [|outoi nun hpeiqhsanautoi nun elehqwsin; “they have now been disobedient…they may now receive mercy”]). However, it seems much more likely that they would have deleted it because of its seeming inappropriateness in this context. That some witnesses have ὕστερον presupposes the presence of νῦν in their ancestors. A decision is difficult, but νῦν is slightly preferred, since it is the more difficult reading and is adequately represented in the mss.