1 tn Grk “hardness.” Concerning this imagery, see Jer 4:4; Ezek 3:7; 1 En. 16:3.
2 tn Grk “in the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God.”
3 tn This contrast is clearer and stronger in Greek than can be easily expressed in English.
4 tn Grk “those who [are] from selfish ambition.”
5 tn Grk “are persuaded by, obey.”
6 tn No verb is expressed in this verse, but the verb “to be” is implied by the Greek construction. Literally “suffering and distress on everyone…”
7 tn Grk “every soul of man.”
8 sn Paul uses the term Greek here and in v. 10 to refer to non-Jews, i.e., Gentiles.